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Yes. Cellular respiration involves three steps: glycolysis, the Krebs Cycle (also called the Citric Acid Cycle) and the Electron Transport Chain. Glycolysis breaks up glucose into two molecules of pyruvic acid, the Krebs Cycle strips away carbon from these pyruvic acids in order to free up electrons, and the Electron Transport Chain takes these electrons and uses oxygen to pull them down a series of proteins, moving hydrogen across the internal membrane of the mitochondria in the process. ATP synthase takes these hydrogen protons as they move back down their concentration gradient and uses them to make ATP.
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Why do you think movement of ions through ion channels is generally a slower process that diffusion?
Let's take something obvious. Where would a crowd of persons move faster? Where there is absolutely nothing to prevent their passage or where there is an open gate? The same thing applies to the movement of ions. Movement of ions through ion channels is a slower process because (with a more scientific approach!) their movement is determined by the number of these ion channels whereas for diffusion, there is absolutely nothing to prevent the passage of the molecules.
Acids are compounds that dissociate in water and release what?
Acids release hydrogen+ ions (H+) when dissolved in water
What ions accumulate in the outer compartment of the mitochondria during electron transport phosphorylation?
Hydrogen ions
What structure in the plasma membrane regulate ion passage?
Ion channels and the hydrophilic/hydrophobic/hydrophilic membrane.
A substance that releases hydrogen ions in water is a base yes or no?
Electrolytes that release ions that combine with hydrogen atoms are called bases.
Why do you think movement of ions through ion channels is generally a slower process that diffusion?
Let's take something obvious. Where would a crowd of persons move faster? Where there is absolutely nothing to prevent their passage or where there is an open gate? The same thing applies to the movement of ions. Movement of ions through ion channels is a slower process because (with a more scientific approach!) their movement is determined by the number of these ion channels whereas for diffusion, there is absolutely nothing to prevent the passage of the molecules.
In the membrane of a cell channels serve as what?
In the membrane of a cell, channels serve as passageways.
What is chemiosmotic generation of ATP driven by?
Chemiosmotic generation of ATP is driven by a gradient of H+ ions (protons). These protons move from high to low concentration, and in the process, power a protein that phosphorylates ADP into ATP.
Do bases release or accept hydrogen ions?
Bases accept hydrogen ions. Acids donate hydrogen ions.
Where do hydrogen pumps move hydrogen ions in what structure?
They move hydrogen ions in the thylakoid.
How does the phosphate buffer system help in maintaining the pH of our body?
The phosphate buffer system consists of two ions: dihydrogen phosphate ions and hydrogen phosphate ions. When the number of hydrogen ions in a body's bloodstream increases (pH drops), hydrogen phosphate ions accept hydrogen ions in order to maintain the equilibrium between the concentration of hydrogen and hydroxide ions within the bloodstream. When the number of hydrogen ions in the bloodstream decreases (pH increases), the resulting dihydrogen phosphate ions release hydrogen ions in order to increase the number of hydrogen ions in the blood.
What hydrogen ion pumps do?
also referred to as "Chemiosmotic Synthesis of ATP", hydrogen ions are removed from one side of the membrane to another. (inside to out), generating a proton gradient across the membrane. So we have a high concn of H+ ions outside the cell membrane. This causes the H+ ions in urgent need to get back inside with diffusion, thus protons move across membrane through special channels. Their passage drives the synthesis of ATP as well. btw this is also Active Transport. (ATP from cell is required).
Acids are compounds that dissociate in water and release what?
Acids release hydrogen+ ions (H+) when dissolved in water
Do acidic solutions give some or many hydrogen ions?
The more acidic a solution is, the more hydrogen ions it gives off.
How do water molecules and small ions enter cells?
Some water molecules and small ions ( depending on charge, other ions need passive or active transport ) can diffuse across the cell's membrane and there are channels called porins that facilitate water molecule passage into the cell.
What ions accumulate in the outer compartment of the mitochondria during electron transport phosphorylation?
Hydrogen ions
What structure in the plasma membrane regulate ion passage?
Ion channels and the hydrophilic/hydrophobic/hydrophilic membrane.
