It depends on the time period of the temperature range you are asking about.
If it is a yearly range then, yes in Siberia (which is quite close to the polar regions at 67ø33'N, 133ø23'E) temperatures have ranged 105degC from -68øC to 37øC.
If it is a daily temperature range, then the record is closer to the equator in Montana USA (48°33′25″N 113°0′52″W) where the temperature ranged 56degC from 7øC to -49øC.
It is worth noting that the large variations happen in the center of continents and it is more how far form the sea you are that matters rather then how far from the equator you are. It is the thermal capacity and warmth of the Ocean (and the warming of the air above) it that stabilizes temperatures.
Continental
continental climates
the places along the equator line. Places around the equator get lots of rain and have many cloudy days. The places that are sunny most of the time are the large deserts, like the Gobi and Sahara, where there is almost no moisture in the air to create overcast.
There is a general tendency for places closer to the equator to be hotter. However, the temperature does not ONLY depend on the latitude. It also depends on other factors, for example on whether it is night or day, on clouds, on the amount of vegetation, on the closeness to large bodies of water, etc.
The large winds that circle the Earth, known as the trade winds, occur because the equator receives more solar energy than the poles. This temperature difference causes air to rise at the equator and sink at the poles, creating a circulation pattern that we observe as the trade winds.
Air formed in places where the temperature is warm.
The proximity to a large body of water or ocean currents can impact the temperature ranges in cities at the same elevation and latitude. Ocean currents can transport heat, affecting the local climate and leading to variations in temperature ranges between cities.
Sumatra and Borneo
Water remains a liquid over a large temperature range.
Such a forest is called a Tropical Rain Forest
High altitude air density near the equator tends to be lower due to the warmer temperatures causing air to expand, reducing its density. Additionally, high humidity can further decrease air density as water vapor molecules displace nitrogen and oxygen molecules in the atmosphere. These large temperature and humidity swings at the equator can result in more dynamic changes in air density compared to other regions.
At latitudes farther from the equator, the climate tends to be colder due to the angle at which sunlight strikes the Earth. Seasons are more pronounced with greater variations in daylight hours throughout the year. Additionally, precipitation patterns may be more affected by the presence of large bodies of water or mountain ranges.