there is a black hole at the center of the universe
Black holes are the remains of a giant star that has had its gravity collapse upon itself. Black holes suck in any matter that gets within it's gravitational range and smashes it down into tiny particles. It goes inside the black hole of it and is never seen again. Scientists do not know what happens after the matter is sucked in because black holes do not illuminate any light (Its gravity is so strong it pulls in light around it that would normally reveal it). Black holes are identified by a check list of characteristics. (Super massive, Rogue, etc)
Black Holes' can 'eat' any type of matter in the Universe.
no
No
no
No.
At any time.
There is no proven connection between the Bermuda Triangle and black holes.
Yes. Several quasars have been discovered; they are black holes, and they are quite active.
It isn't known whether micro black holes - usually called primordial black holes - exist at all. If they do exist, they can be at any random location of space.
Not really "a" black hole - many black holes. It is currently believed that all, or most, galaxies have a huge black hole at its center. Any galaxy should also have lots of smaller black holes - so-called "stellar" black holes, because they have approximately the mass of a star (larger stars can become black holes).
There is enough evidence for black holes - I don't see any problem there.