It's just Catholic, not Roman Catholic. Roman is an epithet first commonly used in England after the protestant revolt to describe the Catholic Church. It is never used by the official Catholic Church. And, no, religions do not carry diseases.
No, they do not have to convert. However, they do have to agree to raise any children as Catholics.
The "name change" was only made by protestants in England who thought they could be Catholics without acknowledging the Pope in Rome, they are the ones who first started referring to Catholics as Roman Catholics so as to allow themselves to be "Anglo" Catholics. There was never any official name change.
the US has about 24% of its population as Roman Catholic. Meaning that about 75,000,000 Americans are Roman Catholic. The largest of any other country.
any religion was welcomed even wanted but the roman catholics were not welcomed
Any Catholics from Ireland are Irish Catholics.
Roman Catholic AnswerIf you mean do Catholics believe in celebrating birthdays, most of the Catholics I know of are no different in this regard than any other peoples. Of old, Catholics also celebrated the feast name, or name day of the person, sometimes in preference to the actual birthday.
The same as for any other human being. Being Catholic does not make one immune from illness or injury.
Catholics in any country go to mass on Sunday, so they would do it in Brazil.
The pope does not have any authority in the Orthodox Church. The pope only has authority over Roman Catholics.
The United States qualifies as such. However, Mexico didn't want to attract any type of immigrant, but Roman Catholics who were willing to accept Mexican laws and traditions.
Any and all in the last couple of hundred years, but Roman Catholics have become the majority religion.
No, there have been a number of Catholics holding high ranks in the Armed Services.