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Are there specific buffer systems that should be chosen based on the pH that must be maintained?
EmmieP
Yes, the best buffering power is obtained by chosing a buffer of which the pKa value of its constuent acid is as close as possible the same as the desired pH to be bufferd.
Example: Acetic acid / acetate (1:1) is a good buffer at pH 4.8 (or roughly between 4.1 and 5.4) because pKacid= 4.77
Of coarse there are other properties to take into account, e.g. not reactive to solution components, stable, non-toxic in Life Science experiments, etc.
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Is chosen an abstract noun?
The noun 'chosen' is a word for a group of people "elected" (selected, singled out) for a purpose, honor, or destiny.The noun 'chosen' when referring to specific people is a concrete noun.The noun 'chosen' when referring to the concept of a select group is an abstract noun.The noun "chosen" is used with plural verbs, and often with the determiner "the."The word 'chosen' is the past participle, past tense of the verb to choose (chooses, choosing, chosen). The past participle of the verb is also an adjective (my chosen field, the chosen representative).
When preparing a buffer of a given pH an acid should be chosen whose pKa is close to the desired pH?
Yes this is true. This is because for a buffer solution, Ka = [H+] ( [acid] ) / [salt] ) As such by mathematical manipulation, [H+] = Ka ( [salt]/ [acid] ) We must keep in mind that a good buffer must have equal concentrations of acid and salt so as to be able to resist pH change in both directions, by absorbing protons and hydroxide ions. As such the value of ( [salt] / [acid] ) will be 1 and can be cancelled from the equation. [H+] = Ka And, pH = pKa :)
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