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Hi, A typical gas system comprises the digester cover, pressure and vacuum relief devices, water trap, flame trap, pressure regulator, gas meter, check valve, pressure gauges, waste gas burner and a gas holder. Mixing of digesters by means of gas re-circulation requires a compressor. The digester is covered to contain odours, maintain temperature, keeps air out and to collect the gas. Fixed covers are more usual than floating covers. During normal operation, there is a space for gas collection between the cover and the liquid surface of the digester contents. The cover of a digester has certain unique features that the operating staff must be aware of, for example, how the variation in pressure and the level inside the digester may affect the cover. The biggest danger associated with the operation of fixed cover digesters occurs when the pressure relief device mounted on top of the digester fails or the sludge overflow line blocks and the liquid level in the digester continues to rise. In such a situation, the excess gas pressure inside the digester can exceed the maximum design pressure and damage the cover or its mountings. Fixed covers can also be damaged by excess negative pressure (vacuum) or if the rate of waste sludge withdrawal exceeds the feed rate or the vacuum relief device fails.
The function of the pressure relief device is to allow pressure that exceeds a safe level to escape from the digester. The manufacturer's specifications should provide the following information to enable the operating staff to control the gas system safely. (a) The system's normal operating pressure (mm water gauge). (b) The pressure at which the pressure relief device should operate. (c) The rated gas flow capacity of the pipes.
A gas system generally comprises three pressure relief devices; one mounted on the cover of the digester, one on the gas holder and one situated at the end of the gas line before the gas burner. This device releases gas to the waste gas burner before the design gas pressure of the digester cover is reached.
The vacuum relief device functions in the opposite manner to the pressure relief device and allows air to enter the digester in the event of the waste sludge being withdrawn too rapidly. Air should not, under normal conditions, be allowed to enter the digester because a mixture of air and methane is potentially highly explosive.
Gas leaving the digester is almost saturated with water vapour. As the gas cools, the water vapour condenses causing problems. The problem is more severe when digesters are heated. To solve the problem it is essential to remove as much of the moisture as possible before the gas comes into contact with the gas system devices. For this reason, water traps should be located as close to the digester as possible. All piping should be sloped a minimum of 1% towards the water trap, which should be situated at a low point in the gas line.
Flame traps are emergency devices installed in gas lines to prevent flames travelling back up the gas line (flashback) and reaching the digester. The flame trap generally consists of a box filled with stone or a metal grid. If a flame develops in the gas line, the temperature of the flame is reduced below the ignition point as it passes through the trap and the flame is extinguished.
Pressure regulators are used when a lower pressure than the system operating pressure, is required for a specific device such as a boiler water heater or incinerator. Regulators maintain a constant gas pressure at the point of use
The rate of gas production is probably the most sensitive process control indicator at the disposal of the operating staff. Gas meters should be regularly serviced so as to give accurate and reliable gas readings. Every effort should be made to have the gas meter calibrated every six months.
Check valves (non-return valves) are installed in the gas line to allow gas flow in one direction only i.e. out of the digester.
Gas pressure gauges indicate the pressure in the gas system and assist in locating any blockages in the line. If a blockage occurs, a pressure reading downstream will register a lower pressure than that of a gauge upstream.
The pressure relief device at the waste gas burner safely flares excess gas to the atmosphere and thus reduces the potential for a dangerous accumulation of gas in the system.
Many anaerobic digestion waste treatment plants have a means of storing excess gas. This can be in the form of either a floating roof on the digester or a separate gasholder.
A mixture of biogas and air can be explosive. Methane gas in concentrations of between 5% and 15% in air by volume is explosive. Operating staff on waste treatment plants should ensure that no air is allowed to enter the digester or gasholder. All piping and equipment must be sealed properly to prevent gas from escaping to the outside. There must be no smoking and all electrical installations, including light switches, torches etc must be of the explosion-proof type, as the smallest spark could ignite escaped gases. Srinivas kasulla 09869179601 MUMBAI
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Requirements for biogas production?
Requirements for biogas production include having an expert who will be familiar with the needs of the digester as well as access to associated manure handling equipment and gas utilization components.
What are the means of biogas purification?
Removal of unwanted particles and gasses. Sulfur dioxide is one of the unwanted constituents of biogas. This is often removed by allowing the biogas to infiltrate a bed of iron filings. There the sulfur dioxide combines with the iron to make iron sulfate.
Has anyone seen Biogas plant installed by Srinivas Kasulla in TCS MUMBAI and also the one in TATA POWER chembur?
yes i have seen all the plants ...they are woking wonderfully well Stephen Jason, USA
What are desulphurisation chambers?
Removing hydrogen sulphide from biogas. Hydrogen sulphide is particularly harmful when biogas is used in internal combustion engines. Its chemical reactions and those of its combustion product - sulphur dioxide, quickly lead to severe corrosion and wear on engines. The only practical way of removing the hydrogen sulphide on a small scale is by dry desulphurization using ferrous substances. Locally available, iron-containing soil is suitable for use as the purifying agent in Third World countries. In particular the colleagues must give assistance in selecting the soils, and sometimes carry out investigations to identify the composition of the substances. Only an optimally applied purification agent can ensure a long life for the gas user, particularly engines, and avoid unnecessary repairs and maintenance on the plant equipment.
What is a biogas?
It is a gas produced by the anaerobic digestion or fermentation of organic matter under anaerobic conditions. These materials include but are not limited to manure, sewage sludge, municipal solid waste, and biodegradable waste. Biogas consists primarily of methane and carbon dioxide.
What has the author Charles G Gunnerson written?
Charles G. Gunnerson has written: 'Anaerobic digestion, principles and practices for biogas systems'
What is the chemical formula of biogas?
Biogas from anaerobic digestion is normally composed of methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), and traces of ammonia (NH3), hydrogen sulfide (H2S). CH4 is often between 40 and 70%.
What has the author E Colleran written?
E. Colleran has written: 'The application of the anaerobic filter to biogas production from agricultural waste'
economic importance anaerobic respiration agriculture?
Anaerobic respiration plays an important role in agriculture as it is used in various processes such as fermentation, composting and biogas production. Fermentation is used in the production of various food and beverage products such as cheese, yogurt, bread, and beer. Composting is used to recycle organic waste and produce nutrient-rich soil for crops. Biogas production, which is the conversion of organic matter into methane and carbon dioxide, can be used as a source of renewable energy for heating and electricity. Additionally, anaerobic digestion of livestock manure can reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve the management of animal waste. Overall, anaerobic respiration in agriculture helps to reduce waste, produce valuable products, and create more sustainable and environmentally friendly farming practices.
Where is biogas derived from?
Biogas is none other than methane which is obtained on anaerobic decomposition of organic waste.
What does the word biogas mean?
i am not so sure what biogas means but this might answer the question or hopefully give you an idea xoxo courtz # Biogasa mixture of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2), produced by the anaerobic digestion of sludges or organic material in landfill sites; can be used to generate heat or power#Biogas is a mixture of methane and carbon dioxide resulting from the anaerobic decomposition of such waste materials as domestic, industrial, and agricultural sewage. Methanogenic bacteria carry out the decomposition; these obligate anaerobes produce methane, the main component of biogas, which can be collected and used as an energy source for dome…#BiogasBiogas is generated when bacteria degrades biological material in the absence of oxygen, in a process known as anaerobic digestion. Since biogas is a mixture of methane (also known as marsh gas or natural gas) and carbon dioxide it is a renewable fuel produced from waste treatment.#BiogasBiogas is generated when bacteria degrades biological material in the absence of oxygen, in a process known as anaerobic digestion. Since biogas is a mixture of methane (also known as marsh gas or natural gas) and carbon dioxide it is a renewable fuel produced from waste treatment.#biogasA gas that is produced through anaerobic respiration, itcontains mostly methane and carbon dioxide with small amounts of watervapor, nitrogen, hydrogen, or other gases. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...#Biogas`Biogas` typically refers to a gas produced by the biological breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen. Biogas is comprised primarily of methane and carbon dioxide. Biogas originates from biogenic material and is a type of biofuel. Biogas is a product of the anaerobic digestion or fermentation of biodegradable materials such as manure or sewage, municipal waste, and energy crops. The methane in biogas gives it the ability to be used ...#Biogas`Biogas` typically refers to a gas produced by the biological breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen. Biogas is comprised primarily of methane and carbon dioxide. Biogas originates from biogenic material and is a type of biofuel. Biogas is a product of the anaerobic digestion or fermentation of biodegradable materials such as manure or sewage, municipal waste, and energy crops. The methane in biogas gives it the ability to be used ...#biogasbiogas, bio-gas 1. A mixture of methane and carbon dioxide along with traces of other gases, such as nitrogen, hydrogen, and water vapor, that is produced during anaerobic digestion. 2. A combustible gas produced by microbial activity, usually referring to methane produced by microbial fermentation of organic wastes. 3. Any gas fuel derived from the decay of org...#biogasBiogas plant in India A combustible gas created by anaerobic decomposition, or fermentation, of organic material (including animal dung, human sewage, crop residues, and industrial and municipal wastes). It is composed primarily of methane (the combustible component), carbon dioxide, and ...
In what way are composting and biogas production similar?
in what way are composting and biogas production similar
Ratio of carbon and nitrogen in biogas production?
The best carbon to nitrogen ration for biogas production is between 20 and 30.
What is the difference between biogas and natural gas?
Natural gas:-is a gas consisting primarily of methane, typically with 0-20% higher hydrocarbons(primarily ethane). It is found associated with other fossil fuel ,in coal bedBiogas:-typically refers to a gas produced by the biological breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen Biogas originates from biogenic material and is a type of biofuel. Biogas is produced by anaerobic digestion or fermentation
What is biogas.How is it obtained from biomass.why is biogas considered an ideal fuel?
Biogas is the gaseous product of the anaerobic digestion (decomposition without oxygen) of organic matter. It is typically made up of 50-80% methane, 20-50% carbon dioxide, and traces of gases such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen. In contrast, natural gas is typically made up of more than 70% methane, with most of the rest being other hydrocarbons (such as propane and butane) and only small amounts of carbon dioxide and other contaminants. Biogas is sometimes called swamp gas, landfill gas, or digester gas. When its composition is upgraded to a higher standard of purity, it can be called renewable natural gas. Biogas is produced by the anaerobic digestion or fermentation of biodegradable materials such as biomass, manure, sewage, municipal waste, green waste, plant material, and crops
Requirements for biogas production?
Requirements for biogas production include having an expert who will be familiar with the needs of the digester as well as access to associated manure handling equipment and gas utilization components.
