Yes they can. This is the article of the Spanish Constitution that pertains.
Artículo 3 El castellano y las demás lenguas españolas
1. El castellano es la lengua española oficial del Estado. Todos los españoles tienen el deber de conocerla y el derecho a usarla.
2. Las demás lenguas españolas serán también oficiales en las respectivas
Comunidades Autónomas de acuerdo con sus Estatutos.
3. La riqueza de las distintas modalidades lingüísticas de España es un patrimonio
cultural que será objeto de especial respeto y protección.
Section 1 translates to say that Spanish is the official language of the State. Every Spanish citizen is obligated to know Spanish and has a right to use it.
Section 2 says other Spanish languages of the respective Autonomous Communities may be official depending on the statutes of the particular Autonomous Community.
Section 3 says that the distinct language modalities are a National Cultural Treasure that must be the object of special respect and protection.
Spanish is a Romance language spoken primarily in Spain and Latin America, while Catalan is another Romance language spoken in the Catalonia region of Spain, as well as in parts of France and Italy. Catalan has its own distinct grammar and vocabulary, and is recognized as an official language in Catalonia alongside Spanish.
no
Yes, they can understand each other - but the South American Spanish is no longer the 'pure' Castilian spanish spoken in Spain.
Castilian Spanish (official) 74%, Catalan 17%, Galician 7%, Basque 2%, is the breakdown of the languages spoken in Spain, so Catalan would be the answer. Incidentally, almost everybody speaks Spanish, some just prefer another language among themselves.
Castilian and Catalan Castilian, also means Spanish, is the culture one would usually associate with most of Spain. It's also fair to call it simply Spanish. This is not the indigenous culture to Barcelona, but many Spaniards have migrated to the city. Catalan, a regional culture in eastern Spain. The Catalan people speak their own language (called Catalan) and usually speak Spanish too. Catalan and Spanish have many similarities, but are clearly separate languages, and it is argued by many that Catalan is closer to French than to Spanish. Catalan culture shares many things with that of southern France. Further Reading, on Wikipedia: Spanish Language, Catalan Language, Barcelona, Catalonia, Valencia, Spain
Catalan.
Catalan and Spanish
The two most common languages spoken in Barcelona are: Catalan and Castellano - both dialects of the Spanish language. Catalan is the most spoken although Castellano is also used to a lesser degree. Catalan is not (repeat NOT) a dialect of Spanish, it is a language in it's own right. Catalan was suppressed during Franco's rule but now is the official language of Catalunya.
They are related, they belong to the Latin language family.
Portuguese and Catalan are most similar to Spanish.
in a lot of places near latin america or spain, there are a lot of spanish speakers and if you wish to understand them, it is very useful to speak spanish
Catalan and Spanish origin.