I didn't think it was possible but apparently it is (from grinding stainless steel, that is). I guess if the chromium metal gets hot enough from the friction of the grinding wheel, then some of the chrome will convert to chrome 6. Below is a link. See Table 2. Also see the authors comment before Table 2: "Surprisingly the highest numbers are from arc-air, grinding and welding". The report doesn't give many details. it would have been nice to know if maybe these welders were working in an area with another possible source of chrome 6 such as welding.
It is a valence of chromium. The hexavalent chromium is present in anions as CrO42- and Cr2O72-.
For example potassium dichromate is not stored in metal containers, not close to combustible materials, it is placed in a controlled area, works permitted only for skilled personnel.
The Restriction of the use of certain Hazardous Substances (RoHS) Directive restricts the producers of eight categories of electrical and electronic equipment from placing on the market products that contain six "banned" substances unless specific exemptions apply. These six substances are: Lead, Mercury, Hexavalent chromium, Cadmium, Polybrominated biphenyl flame retardants and Polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardants. The phrase 'banned' is misleading as you can have minute concentrations values but they are so small that it effectively prevents their use. The maximum concentration values (MCV) are 0.1 % by weight of lead, mercury, hexavalent chromium, PBB and PBDE and 0.01 % by weight cadmium in homogeneous materials.
Chromium is a 3d element. chromium is a metal.
Cr2O3 is, Chromium (III) oxide or simply Chromium oxide.
It is a valence of chromium. The hexavalent chromium is present in anions as CrO42- and Cr2O72-.
Hexavalent chromium is a chemical used with wood preservation, textile dyes, and leather tanning. When it is inhaled it is considered to be a carcinogen.
hexavalent chromium
Hexavalent Chromium
Donald G. Lee has written: 'The oxidation of organic compounds by permanganate ion and hexavalent chromium' -- subject(s): Oxidation, Permanganates, Chromium ions
Yes, it gets that name from the chromium compounds are used in the tanning process. Many countries have banned the use of hexavalent chromium in this process because of the adverse health effects.
Gregory R. Bean has written: 'Adsorption of hexavalent and trivalent chromium to a clayey silt soil' -- subject(s): Absorption and adsorption, Chromium, Environmental aspects, Environmental aspects of Chromium, Soil absorption and adsorption
•Knowing the redox chemistry of an element is critical to remediating fluids •Arsenic -Arsenate is toxic, arsenite is dangerously so •Chromium -Hexavalent chromium is bad •A return to a more natural, less-hazardous state
For example potassium dichromate is not stored in metal containers, not close to combustible materials, it is placed in a controlled area, works permitted only for skilled personnel.
My thinking is ... If intrinsinc semicoductor is doped with Hexavalent Impurity, then energy level of outermost orbit of hexavalent atom, will fall below than that of pentavalent atom, so more amout of energy will be required to move this newly generated electron to move from fermi level to conduction band of semicondoctor. And vice versa for Bavalent.
Chromic acid and ammonium hydroxide react to yield ammonium dichromate followed by crystallization to yield a pure crystalline product. H2Cr2O7 + 2NH4OH ==> (NH4)2Cr2O7 + 2H2O Reactions with the dichromate ion should be avoided if possible due to the toxicity and possible carcinogenic nature of hexavalent chromium. Groundwater contamination with hexavalent chromium was the subject of the Hollywood movie Erin Brockovich.
"Chromic" is the only word I can think of which, medically speaking, could be related to chromic acid, or hexavalent chromium, poisoning. The stuff is used in chrome-plating, and is carcinogenic.