Of course it can - however, as the closest known black hole is about 1,600 light years from our Solar System, the chances are skim
The mass of the black hole would increase in proportion to the mass of the planet
Just like any matter, light or other electromagnetic waves (this includes gamma rays), if they happen to get within the black hole's event horizon, will just get absorbed, slightly increasing the mass of the black hole.
No, dark matter is quite a different kind of thing. A dark hole may have absorbed some dark matter, but pressumably that would become indistinguishable from the normal matter, once it gets crushed by the enormous gravity of the black hole.
The answer to that question is twofold: 1. A black hole of sufficient size itself is not very bright at all. Initially, it was thought that all radiation was absorbed into a black hole, rendering it effectively invisible. Stephen Hawking, however, calculated that a black hole may radiate at an insignificantly low temperature, a phenomenon now known as Hawking radiation. 2. Around a black hole of sufficient size, accretion disks of matter may form. The matter falls in towards the black hole, and before it enters the hole's event horizon is crushed and heated to extreme temperatures. The radiation this produces may be observed in various spectra and may be very bright indeed.
The material sucked in to a black hole becomes part of the black hole - that is, a black hole crushes matter to an nearly no size, at all.
Any matter that gets close enough to a black hole can be absorbed by it. But there are no known black holes nearby - the closest known black hole is at a distance of 3000 light-years.
The nearest black hole to Mercury is about 1600 light years away.
The mass of the black hole would increase in proportion to the mass of the planet
The gamma rays would be absorbed, the black hole's mass would increase.
Just like any matter, light or other electromagnetic waves (this includes gamma rays), if they happen to get within the black hole's event horizon, will just get absorbed, slightly increasing the mass of the black hole.
Your question is unclear. However current theory suggests any particles with mass would be absorbed by a black hole
they're all crashed and squashed by the strong gravitational force in the black hole.
The force of the impact will still be absorbed by the black hole. By definition, a black hole is a very dense mass where no form of radiation can escape - not even light. Since no explosion is faster than light, a black hole would absorb the blast, the impact, and all forms of light and radiation that would be emitted from the bomb. If you were to watch a black hole, you would see no changes from it.
The same as when anything falls into a black hole: as it spirals into the event horizon, much of its matter is converted to radiaton, and the rest of it is absorbed by the black hole, adding to its mass. The fact is we don't really know. Theoretically, black holes are spatial singularities that lie at the bottom of a massive gravity well. The only thing that escapes a black hole is radiation, and we believe that is the result of the destruction of what falls in.
No, dark matter is quite a different kind of thing. A dark hole may have absorbed some dark matter, but pressumably that would become indistinguishable from the normal matter, once it gets crushed by the enormous gravity of the black hole.
You 'see' things when light (photons) are reflected off a surface, and absorbed by your retina. A black hole's gravitational field is so strong, that the escape velocity exceeds the speed of light. Any photons within a certain radius will be unable to escape. Since no photons are being emitted, the black hole appears black and gives off no light.
It depends. Most black holes are indeed smaller than Mercury, but asteroids vary widely in size. The radius of a black hole's event horizon is directly proportionate to its mass. The largest known stellar mass black holes have about 15 solar masses, which gives a radius of 44 kilometers. This is larger than most asteroids, but some asteroids are larger. It is much smaller than the planet mercury. However, supermassive black holes are far larger than mercury. An 830 solar mass black hole would have an event horizon about the same size as Mercury. The black hole at the center of the Milky Way has about 4 million times the mass of the sun, giving it a radius of over 7 million miles, or 17 times wider than the sun's radius. The largest known black hole is about 40 billion solar masses, giving it a radius of more than 70 billion miles, making it larger than our solar system.