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In 1959 officials of 12 countries signed an international agreement called the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty (also known as the Antarctic-Environmental Protocol and the Madrid Protocol). This treaty provides that the continent be used mainly for research and other peaceful purposes.
C. J. Bastmeijer has written: 'The Antarctic environmental protocol and its domestic legal implementation' -- subject(s): Antarctic Treaty system, Environmental law, Environmental law, International, Environmental protection, International Environmental law
Kyoto Treaty Antarctic Treaty Protocol on Environment Protection environmental impact has been carried out. International Year of the Desert Arid lands environment council (ALEC) - protects extra climate flora and fauna.
None really. the treaty and protocol really need updating.
There has never been any mining in Antarctica. The Madrid Protocol, which bans mining in Antarctica, is part of the Antarctic Treaty; it was signed in 1991 by the parties that signed the Antarctic Treaty. It is due for review in 2041.
There is no mining in Antarctica -- it is forbidden by The Antarctic Treaty System.
In the Antarctic Treaty, there is no per se mention of native flora and fauna. However, according to the Treaty Web site: "The Agreed Measures for the Conservation of Antarctic Fauna and Flora is a set of measures agreed on the third "Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting" in Brussels 1964 as recommendation number VIII."An interpretation of the Measures, again from the Web site reads:"Protection of the Antarctic environment has been a central theme in the cooperation among Antarctic Treaty Parties. In 1964, the ATCM adopted Agreed Measures for the Conservation of Antarctic Fauna and Flora. These Measures laid the basis for a regulatory system of general rules and specific regulations that provided extra protection in Specially Protected Areas. Subsequently the ATCM adopted a number of measures on various issues to widen, complement and strengthen the protection of the Antarctic environment."A new stage was reached with the adoption of the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty in Madrid in 1991. Through the Environment Protocol the Contracting Parties 'commit themselves to the comprehensive protection of the Antarctic environment and dependent and associated ecosystems and … designate Antarctica as a natural reserve, devoted to peace and science'. The Protocol prohibits all activities relating to Antarctic mineral resources, except for scientific research."
Ph Gautier has written: 'Belgium and the Antarctic' -- subject(s): Antarctic Treaty system, Environmental law, International status, Foreign relations
In 1959 officials of 12 countries signed an international agreement called the Antarctic Treaty. This treaty provides that the continent be used mainly for research and other peaceful purposes.
The Antarctic Treaty is a TREATY not a living thing so it can not become extinct.
In 1959 officials of 12 countries signed an international agreement called the Antarctic Treaty. This treaty provides that the continent be used mainly for research and other peaceful purposes.
Mining is prohibited in Antarctica by the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty. This protocol aims to preserve the unique environment of Antarctica and minimize the impact of human activities on its delicate ecosystem. The member countries have agreed to prioritize conservation over resource exploitation in Antarctica.