Yes, older adults can get chickenpox if they haven't had it before.
90% of adults are immune to chickenpox because it is a highly contagious disease that causes lifelong immunity. Most people got chickenpox as children prior to the approval of chickenpox vaccine.
Chickenpox is not usually fatal, but is more likely to kill teenagers and adults than it is to kill infants and children (see related link). Deaths and hospitalizations from chickenpox have dropped 90% in the US since introduction of chickenpox vaccine in 1995.
Most people get chickenpox when they are young, which is good. Although children can pull through chicken pox easily, if not uncomfortably, it is much more devastating to adults. Plus, once you have it as a kid, the cells go into remission in your body, your B cells produce antibodies for chickenpox, and there's a extremely high chance that you will never get chickenpox again. But you can get it at any age.
Adults, however, are much more likely than children to suffer dangerous complications. More than half of all chickenpox deaths occur among adults.
Study results reported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) indicate that more than 90% of American adults are immune to the chickenpox virus.
Shingles is caused by the chickenpox virus. You do not get shingles from someone with shingles; you get chickenpox from someone with shingles. Then when you get older, you will get shingles because you had chickenpox. Or, you might get older and never get chickenpox. In that case, you will thank your mother for having you vaccinated against chickenpox when you were a child.
adults account for less than 5% of all cases in the United States.
If the older adult has had chickenpox or the vaccine, there is no additional risk from exposure to chickenpox. If not, the person should avoid contact with the chickenpox patient.
It is more dangerous to get chickenpox immediately at birth, when you're older, when you're pregnant, or when you have serious immunocompromise.
Chickenpox in adulthood does not have a special name. However, shingles is an infection that can result from later reactivation of your lifelong infection with chickenpox virus. It happens most often in adults.
Chickenpox can kill you but it is rare. Before chickenpox vaccine became common in the US, 100 to 150 people died each year from chickenpox. Most of these were healthy adults. Since chickenpox vaccine became more common, Rates of chickenpox deaths are down by over 95% in patients under 50, and been halved in older adults. People at highest risk for complications from chickenpox are babies, teenagers, and adults; pregnant women; and people with lower immune response, such as those with HIV, those who had organ transplants, or people on chemotherapy or long-term steroids.
Chickenpox in children and adults is typically throughout the body. Shingles is likely to be found on only one part of the body.