Wheat
yes
yes
Either one will work, but plain is usually used.
In most cases plain flour is identical to all-purpose flour. All-purpose flour may be used to bake bread or pastries, whereas pastry flour has a low percentage of gluten and bread flour has a high percentage of gluten. Plain, or all-purpose flour has a medium percentage of gluten.
No. Rice flour is made from rice. Plain flour is refined wheat flour. Self rising flour is refined wheat flour with baking powder and salt already in it. Wheat flour has gluten, rice flour does not and cannot be used to substitute for wheat flour.
All-purpose flour is the same thing as plain flour. The terms are simply different for different parts of the world. In Australia and the United Kingdom, it is known as plain flour while in the United States and Canada it is known as All-Purpose Flour. This type of flour has a lower amount of gluten protein than bread flour, but more than baking flour so it is balanced and can be used for a wide range of purposes.
That is 2.9 cups of flour
Plain flour has a lower gluten content than high grade or bread flour so is less suitable for bread. Some bread flours may also have additives to improve the bread texture or to quicken the bread making process.
If you were baking a cake: Self-Raising Flour - would make it rise Plain Flour - wouldn't make it rise People use self-raising in cakes to make them bigger, but they use plain in pancakes so it keeps it thin.
Yes, the results may be slightly different, but the bread will be good.
There is no difference between plain flour and all-purpose flour. They are one and the same. All-purpose (plain) flour does not contain the salt and baking soda that self-rising flour has.