Artificial horizon [for pitch and roll information.]
Airspeed indicator [to keep from diving/and or slowing to a stall situation]
Turn and bank indicator [for making turns and the use of proper rudder input
to keep the aircraft from skidding]
radar
Airplane pilots "walk on clouds".
When a pilot has to fly through thick clouds, many instruments come into play. These instruments help the pilot navigate the clouds and are known as GPS and Distance Measuring Equipment which prevents collisions in mid air during these weather conditions.
It might shake only when passing through turbulence. Clouds may or may not be turbulent. Pilots learn which are and which are not turbulent. Clouds that occur in even layers are very smooth. Thunderheads and lenticulars are often violent and are usually best avoided.
Pilots use mostly electronic equipment. If electronics go out they use instruments.
GPS
Thick clouds are really just a light mist, flying through them is similar to driving through thick fog, it doesn't affect the performance of the aircraft in the least. It does however affect the pilots ability to see, and most aircraft are equipped with instrumentation which allows the pilot to maintain control and positional awareness even with all windows blotted out. Aircraft which are not so equipped are forbidden from flying into clouds. Aircraft flying into and through clouds can only do so under more restrictive rules requiring constant contact with air-traffic-control.
there isn't any
Pilots will reference many instruments throughout their flight. Attitude indicators, speed, altimeters, vertical speed indicators, turn indicators, navigation displays, flight management systems and many engine instruments that display temperature, rpm, various pressures such as oil, manifold and hydraulic. The most important instrument is probably their fuel gauge.
pilots navigated using magnetic compasses, airspeed instruments, and direction-finding gyros. Radio beacons that enabled pilots to plot their position relative to intercepted radio signals came into use in the late 1920s.
Normally, a dark cloud has strong wind currents and possibly some dangerous phenomenons such as lightning or some objects such as hailstones. A plane can get tossed around in these clouds and also get struck by lightning. Although most planes are made for these situations, pilots are advised not to fly air crafts near dangerous clouds due to the fact that air crafts are not completely safe for these conditions.
the pilots need to be able to correctly read the instruments and most of them are color coded