Can you give me 5 hereditary diseases with their causes and effects?

Answer 1

Cystic FibrosisCystic fibrosis is the most common, fatal genetic disease, affecting about 30,000 people in the United States, according to the National Human Genome Research Institute. Cystic fibrosis causes the body to produce thick, sticky mucus that clogs the lungs, leads to infection and affects the pancreas. Breathing is difficult, and digestive enzymes are blocked, which inhibit the absorption of food nutrients. Tay-SachsTay-Sachs causes death at any early age, usually around five years old, because of a missing enzyme called Hex-A. Tay-Sachs causes progressive destruction of the nervous system and brain. There is no treatment, only management of the symptoms. Breast and Colon CancerOne in nine women has a chance to develop Breast cancer. The BRCA1 and BRCA2 inherited genes predispose a woman to a greater chance of breast or ovarian cancer, but not all breast cancers are due to genetic reasons. A family history of colon cancer means there is a reason to believe it may be genetic. As with other cancers, genetic reasons may not be the only reasons for developing cancer. Sickle Cell DiseaseHaving the single expression of the gene for sickle cell does not cause the disease. The gene evolved to protect people from malaria. However, getting the gene from both parents, a double dose causes the red blood cells to "sickle" spontaneously during a stress crisis. The sickled cells get stuck in small capillaries and destroy joints and organs. Eventually, the victim will die of organ failure. ObesityObesity is fast becoming the number one inherited disease in the United States. It is a complicated disease occurring from genetic and environmental stimuli. The children of obese parents have a much greater than average risk of being obese. No definitive research has yet discovered the specific genetic makeup involved, yet it does appear to have elements of both inherited genetic tendencies and the dietary habits of the parents.

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