Muslims still must respect and co-operate with non-muslims.
Muslims do that for Humanitarian goals only as long as others doing for there relief and sometimes Muslims do that for non Muslims relief because Islam asking Muslims to do good deeds and donate for others even Muslims or not.
Non Muslims don't go on Hajj.
Muslims expected of the non Muslims to convert to Islam to prove that they are loyal subjects.
Highly appreciated by the non-Muslims
Highly appreciated by the non-Muslims
The Quran gives people their ranking in the world. It does give their identity though if they are Muslims (really great ones) Non-Muslims (Christians, Hindus, etc;) or Muslims who say they are but don't act as if they are...(worst of the worst)
Zakat can only be given to non Muslims if its intent is to help them become Muslims.
If it is for justice yes
They tried to get as many as possible to convert, but if someone didn't convert that was fine too; the only thing they had to do was pay taxes. The Muslims didn't torture or kill non-Muslims.
shadan
Sure. There is nothing against having trade relationships with non Muslims except for food purchased from non Muslims that is allowed for Muslims to eat per Islam religion.