No.
No, the bullet will not seat.
No
You can from some, but they have to be designed to shoot both.
Generally speaking, no. You can only fire the caliber for which the gun is chambered. There are some exceptions, but not many.
The short answer is no. You should not (and normally can't) fire any ammo in a gun other than what it is specifically designed to shoot. There are some exceptions, such as, you can fire 38 special in a gun designed for .357 magnum.
If you mean a .40 caliber bullet in a .32 caliber gun- no. The bullet would be 8 thousandths of inch too large to fit in the gun. Caliber refers to the diameter of the bullet, so a .40 caliber bullet is ABOUT .40 inches across, and a .32 bullet ABOUT .32 inches across.
Absolutely not. IMPROVING ANSWER: It won't even fit, although you can't tell the right ammo to use in a gun by trying it to see if it fits. A .32 caliber gun fires a bullet that is about 32/100 of an inch wide. A .38 special handgun uses bullets that are about 36/100 inch. So the bigger bullets will not fit through the smaller holes in the chamber and barrel on the smaller-caliber gun.
No, never attempt to fire ammunition in a weapon it was not designed for!.
No
a bullet
Rossi is coming close with a single shot rifle ( the wizard) with interchangable barrels. They boast 21 different combos and include shotguns. As far as a gun that can shoot everything from a 17 HMR to a 50 caliber bullet the answer is no.
The short answer is no. The longer answer is, you might be able to get a .40 caliber cartridge to fire from a .45 caliber gun, but it may damage the gun, and even if it doesn't damage the gun, it will cause other problems. In general (with only a few exceptions) you should never try to fire any cartridge in any gun other than a gun designed for that caliber.