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No.
No.
No
Size and relative power. A .40 caliber bullet is .40 of an inch and the entire cartridge is 28.8 millimeters long. A .50 caliber (handgun) bullet is .50 of an inch and the entire cartridge is 40.99 millimeters long. The .50 caliber has more powder, more velocity, and more muzzle energy.
It depends on several factors, but a good rule of thumb is "about a mile."
The short answer is no. You should not (and normally can't) fire any ammo in a gun other than what it is specifically designed to shoot. There are some exceptions, such as, you can fire 38 special in a gun designed for .357 magnum.
A 40mm handgun would fire a bullet the size of a golf ball. No such critter. There IS a .40 caliber handgun (about 10mm). There are dozens of larger caliber handguns than .40 caliber. They include the .41, .44. .45, .455. .460, .475, .500- and several others.
If you mean a .40 caliber bullet in a .32 caliber gun- no. The bullet would be 8 thousandths of inch too large to fit in the gun. Caliber refers to the diameter of the bullet, so a .40 caliber bullet is ABOUT .40 inches across, and a .32 bullet ABOUT .32 inches across.
$489!!
No, never attempt to fire ammunition in a weapon it was not designed for!.
45 has the larger projectile. Size of the handgun will vary.
Yes, a 45 caliber bullet is bigger than a 40 caliber bullet. A .45 is0.45 inches wide in diameter and a .40 is 0.4 inches in diameter.