No!
you can't you have to trade from Pokemon gold
You can't trade Pokemon from Pokemon Gold to Pokemon Red, you can only trade Pokemon from Red to Gold and not the opposite.
Luckily for you bilinguals (I am too :]) yes
licky lickey
No, you cannot trade between the two different versions because the Pokemon are different or the Pokemon know different moves that are not in red version. When they re-make gold and silver for DS there may be some way to trade between Pokemon fire red and leafgreen to the new gold and silver but I doubt it.
by going to the time travel trading on the far right you can trade from and to Pokemon yellow, red, and blue
You can't find only to trade from yelow/red/green.
No, Yellow is only able to trade with Red, Blue, Gold, Silver, and Crystal. Sorry.
No
Emerald can trade with Leaf Green but not Pokemon Red
Yes.
All you need to do is have bill set up the time machine, then you can trade. There are some rules and restrictions, such as no new Pokemon can go in.