Yes. All that you need to do is shrink the Windows partition so your Linux partition can fit. Then just install the Linux OS into there, and you'll be able to choose which one to boot into on startup
Both Windows and Linux hosting is powerful. If you use ASP or .NET then you should use Windows hosting platform. If you do not, then you can use the more affordable and more popular Linux hosting platform.
you can partition the drive.. to use both OS
You can use a program called NDISWrapper. It will use the Windows driver for your network card and allow it to be used in Linux.
Windows and Linux use device letters to identify each storage device on a computer.
Don't use Windows use Linux Ubuntu
Yes you can. Ubuntu's WUBI uses the Windows bootloader (NTLDR) to boot Linux. It also uses the Windows filesystem (NTFS). This, however, is not the traditional way to do things. The traditional way to dual-boot Linux and Windows is to use a generic bootloader such as Grub to boot both Windows and Linux.
that don't use windows or Linux or mack executables that don't use windows or Linux or mack executables
By dual-booting. You install them both to the same computer and choose between them at boot.
You have to use so called SMB server (usually it's included in each Linux installation) which allows to communicate Linux with windows.
This obviously depends what platform your writing your program for, if it's for Linux/BSD/Solaris etc, use Linux. If it's for Windows guess what you use? Windows (Except in some cases using Linux is okay). If it's for... you get the point. Personally, I use Linux.
Yes, you can. It's called dualbooting. I guess with Linux you mean a Linux Distribution like Ubuntu? Check the related link if you want to know how.
Linux is not an operating system by itself. Just like you cannot install Windows you have to install Windows XP or Windows Vista. You can use the website in related links to find a list of active Linux Distributions. If I could recommend one I would recommend Linux Mint because it is easy to use.