From your question, and the terminology used, you appear to be referring to the UK residential electrical system. The following answer therefore refers only to a UK installation.
Most ovens ('cookers') are designed to operate on a separate circuit with its own circuit breaker or fuse (e.g. 30 A for ovens up to 12 kW, or 45 A for ovens above 12 kW). Trying to operate such a oven from a 13-A circuit will simply cause the plug's fuse to operate, disconnecting the oven from the supply. So, while the oven will be protected, you won't be able to use it as it will keep blowing the fuse in the plug! It certainly won't melt the plug, as suggested in the original answer.
However, some small, countertop, ovens (e.g. the 'Baby Belling' brand), which are specifically designed for use in the kitchens of small flats or apartments ('bed sitters') are specifically designed to run off a 13-A plug.
Yes <<>> In North America, a three wire 120/240 volt system uses a neutral wire. For 240 volts two "hot" wires are used with no neutral.
Use the 4 wire if possible. You would only use a 3 wire for an old appliance.You shouldn't if possible. The 3 wire has no neutral wire as the 4 wire does. Som applications require the use of a 3 wire and some don't.
In residential wiring, if it is used as a switch leg or in 3 wire 240 volt circuits.
Black & White are normal for an 120 volt electrical plug. Red is used in a 12/3 wire which is used for a 3way switch setup. It is also used in a 240 volt plug. Black and Red are hot, white is neutral.
In residential wiring the white wire is neutral on the 120 volt circuits. On a 3way circuit the red is the traveler and the white is neutral. On a 240 volt 3 wire connection the white & black are hot. On a 240 volt 4 wire connection the black and red are hot and the white is neutral.
Change the cord/plug on the stove to a four wire cord/plug. When installing the new plug remove the grounding strip that connects the center lug in the stove wiring block to the frame of the stove. Connect the white wire from the new plug to the center lug. Connect the green wire from the plug to the stove frame.
If it does not come with a plug on it, no. If it is made for direct wire, then 99.9% chance is that it is a 240 volt unit. If you plug it into a 120 volt outlet your water will barely get warm.
I am guessing this is a 220-240 Volt plug. There is 220-240 V between Black and Red and the Green is ground.
Yes 220 & 240 are considered the same.
Yes <<>> In North America, a three wire 120/240 volt system uses a neutral wire. For 240 volts two "hot" wires are used with no neutral.
no
In North American homes, new homes are prewired to use a 40 amp circuit. A 40 amp two pole breaker in the distribution panel protects a #8 three wire cable. This cable connects the 240 volt supply to the range and oven.
no
Potato. Not really a question is it?
A four wire plug suggests to me that it is for split voltages. 120/240, hot - neutral - hot - ground will be the four blade connections for shore power in the US. With UK shore power three wire there will be no neutral as you know it. 120 volt equipment will not work. If there is a special berth for 120/240 shore power that is what you will need to tie up to.
It could if you don't get the terminals and motor wires on the correct terminals.
Depends on what is plugged into that plug and the current it is drawing.