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From Susan Ward Aber, in her paper, "Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About Diamonds":

"Diamond may be up to 3 billion years old, which is much older than their surface host rock. Diamond crystallization originates some 200 kilometers, or 320 miles, beneath the surface and the disaggregated crystals are merely transported to the surface via kimberlite and lamproite [volcanic] pipes. These igneous host rock formations are roughly cylindrical in shape and act as a conduit from the Earth's mantle to the contintental crust."

In order for the [volcanic] pipe to exist, "...Volcanic pipes form as the result of violent eruptions of deep-origin volcanoes."

Read more about volcanic pipes, below.

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Q: Describe an event that must occur in order for diamonds to reach earth's surface?
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