describe the formation of this bond and the total number of electrons in theorbitals of each energy level.
1st energy has 1 sublevel -- 1 orbital -- 2 electrons 2nd energy level has 2 sublevels -- 4 orbitals -- 8 e- 3rd energy level has 3 sublevels -- 9 orbitals -- 18 e- 4th energy level has 4 sublevels -- 16 orbitals -- 32 e- Notice the pattern? number of orbitals = energy level squared Number of electrons = 2x number of orbitals
electrons
The reason that orbitals of the same energy level degeneracy is due to similar molecular structure. The orbitals contains electrons that cancel each other out.
In s.p.d.f. notation, the first number is the main energy level (quantum shell), also known as n. In this case, n = 4, hence this is the 4th energy level we are talking about.The letter in the middle is the orbital in that energy level. There are s-orbitals, p-orbitals, d-orbitals and f-orbitals. Here we are talking about the p-orbitals of the 4th main energy level (i.e. the dumbbell shaped orbitals).The final number of the notation is the number of electrons occupying that orbital of that energy level. All s-orbitals can only hold up to 2 electrons, p-orbitals can hold up to 6 electrons, d-orbitals up to 10, and so on. The 3 in "4p3" is hence referring to the 3 electrons in the p-orbital of the 4th energy level.I hope that helps! :)
8 electrons. The second energy level (n=2) has 4 orbitals. One s orbital and three p orbitals. Each orbital can hold 2 electrons of opposite spin.
The energy levels and orbitals the electrons are in
The energy levels and orbitals the electrons are in
1st energy has 1 sublevel -- 1 orbital -- 2 electrons 2nd energy level has 2 sublevels -- 4 orbitals -- 8 e- 3rd energy level has 3 sublevels -- 9 orbitals -- 18 e- 4th energy level has 4 sublevels -- 16 orbitals -- 32 e- Notice the pattern? number of orbitals = energy level squared Number of electrons = 2x number of orbitals
Electrons fill orbitals in order of increasing orbital energy. The exact order of these energy levels is shown at the related link below.
Sulfur has two electrons in the 1s orbital, two electrons in the 2s orbital, and 6electrons in the 2 p orbitals. The electrons are part of the first and second energy levels, the electron core. The next energy level, the last one, is the outermost energy which comprises the valence shell.
electrons
Nitrogen has 5 valence electrons. Valence electrons are the electrons that are found in the outer most shell of an atom, and are consequently the electrons that move from atom to atom in the formation of compounds. The reason for this is a result of the electron configuration. A nitrogen atom has 3 orbitals; the 1s orbital, the 2s orbital, and the 2p orbital. In this case, the 2s and 2p orbitals are the valence orbitals, as they have the electrons with the most energy. With 7 protons, a neutral nitrogen atom has 7 electrons. The s orbitals can only hold 2 electrons, and the p orbitals can hold up to 6 electrons. The 1s orbital is filled first, leaving five electrons, then the 2s orbital is filled, leaving 3 electrons, and then these remaining electrons fill the 2p orbital halfway. There are a total of 5 electrons in the 2s and 2p orbitals, and since these orbitals have the most energy, there are 5 valence electrons.
Briefly:The electrons are in orbitals, each orbital can take two electrons and each electron would have an opposite spin. Orbitals can have no electrons, one electron or be filled with two electrons.Orbitals are arranged in energy levels. However, even in the same energy level different orbitals will have different energy despite being in the same main energy level.The energy level nearest the nucleus has 1 orbital: 1sThe next energy level, the second energy level has four orbitals: 2s and three p orbitals. The 2p orbitals have more energy than the 2s orbital. The third energy level has 3s x1; 3p x 3 and 3d x 5 however, the 3d orbitals have an energy which actually places them in the fourth energy level between 4s and 4p. It gets complicated.
It depends on your definition of high energy. Electrons close to the nucleus have a high positive energy and will require a lot of energy to elevate them to higher orbitals. Electrons far away from the nucleus have the potential to give off a lot of energy falling to inner orbitals.
The sulfur atom has 16 electrons around its orbitals. The third energy level is the most tightly bound to the nucleus.
The reason that orbitals of the same energy level degeneracy is due to similar molecular structure. The orbitals contains electrons that cancel each other out.
Aufbau principle