Describe the processes of transcription and translation and correctly identify the anticodon for the following DNA template strand-acg tgg gca tga acg tgg?

Answer 1

mRNA - carries genetic code for protein

tRNA - helps incorporate amino acids into polypeptide chains.

rRNA - forms structural and functional components of ribosomes.

Transcription - occurs in the nucleus of the cell. Production of mRNA from DNA.

1) Initiation - RNA polymerase recognises and binds to the specific promoter sequence and initiates transcription.

2) Elongation - RNA Polymerase moves along the template DNA strand (bottom strand) in a 3' to 5' direction, unwinding it as it goes to synthesize RNA in the 5' to 3' direction. (to create the mRNA strand)

3) Termination - RNA Polymerase encounters a transcription terminator, releases the completed mRNA strand and dissociates from the DNA.

Translation - occurs in cytoplasm. Production of polypeptide chain (protein products) from mRNA. Occurs in a 5' to 3' direction.

1) Initiation - Ribosomes bind to mRNA

2) Elongation - Amino Acids (carried by tRNA) are incorporated into polypeptide chains. (Anticodons at the base of tRNA must make a perfect complementary match with the codon on mRNA before the amino acid will be released.)

3) Termination - Ribosomes, polypeptide chain and tRNA are released from mRNA.

Anti-codon for DNA template strand - 3' - ACG UGG TCA UGA ACG UGG - 5'