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James Cook was not actually looking for Australia. The British were well aware of the existence of Australia, both through the journeys of the Dutch and the English pirate William Dampier.

James Cook's orders were to search for Terra Australis Incognita, the unknown southern land. This was, at the time, believed to be quite different to the Australian continent. Naturally, as such a land does not exist, James Cook never found it. He had to settle for Australia, as it came to be known.

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