Yes - on the side of Persia.
It lasted for another 120 years until invaded and taken over by Macedonia under Alexander the Great.
Greece was devastated, paving the way for Macedonia to take control, and use the combined resources to take over the Persian Empire.
First Athens, then Sparta, then Thebes until Macedonia took over.
Punic Wars established Rome as unchallenged in the Western Mediterranean, and their decision to punish Macedonia for supporting Carthage led them to progressively take over the eastern Mediterranean as well. The Persian, Peloponnesian Wars and Crusades did not involve Rome.
Western history would have moved on regardless of the Persian War. Had the Persians won the war, the elasticity of the Greek world would have thrown it off. Alexander the Great, inheritor of a Macedonia which was a vassal of Persia at the time of the Persian War, demonstrated this when he conquered the Persian Empire.
After pausing their wars between each other, the Greek city-states united to repel the Persian threat, and after Persia agreed to stay away from them, the cities returned to their usual wars with increased ferocity. A series of wars so debilitated the cities that they became easy pickings for an increasingly powerful Macedonia, which took them over.
Its called ''the Persian wars'' or the ''Greco-Persian wars''.
Persian Wars.
Greco-Persian Wars happened in -449.
Persian-Uzbek Wars happened in 1510.
Over a century after the Persian Wars Persia became a juicy target for Macedonia after it had established dominance over the Greek city-states. The Persian Empire was conquered by Alexander and divided up into Hellenistic Kingdoms by his successors, and these in turn were taken over by the Roman Empire.
The Persian Wars lasted from 499-448 BC. The Pelopenesian Wars lasted from 431-404 BC So the answer is: The Persian Wars happened first.