Mexico is not made of provinces but by federal, independent states. Mexico has 31 of such states plus a federal district.
The country with such political divisions is Canada. Mexico has 31 states and one federal district.
I guess you mean Nicaragua. No it is not: Nicaragua is an independent country that split up from Mexico on 1823.
Yes, in 2010, it was administratively split into Western and Inner Finland.
if you mean when did Canada have 2 different territories before it became a country, it was called Upper and Lower Canada, which then later split into different territories which were called "provinces", this you can read up on in your local library.
it would go to the legal resident of the host country
No. Ireland is split into provinces and counties. See the related question below.
Provinces are areas in a country and Ireland has four provinces for example.
It depends entirely on the country. However, if you have a country with landlocked and maritime provinces, you should expect to find larger fishing industries in the maritime provinces.
A core provinces of a country is a province that is viewed internationally as a legitimate claim of that country. For example Canada's core provinces are Quebec and Ontario.
Iran is a country made up of many provinces.
Italy has 20 regions that are split into 110 provinces.