No.
The Big Bang theory came a lot later.
Certainly; for example, the Big Bang theory, Kepler's Laws.
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The Doppler effect and background cosmic radiation are the big ones.
It created the universe, it created all the elements we use and live with.
Marlee Matlin, a guest star in the show Big Bang Theory, is known for her ability to use American Sign Language. She appeared in Season 11, Episode 16 of the series.
That's two questions.
big ones that shoot bullets
Yes. For example the big bang was one of the theories on life.
The use of the term 'world' is a little ambiguous. However considering the world as representative of Earth, then I would provide an answer with this in mind. Considering the Big Bang Theory represents the creation event for our existence in a traditional fourth dimensional SpaceTime continuum, then without this environment there would be no galaxies, solar systems, or planets. So while the Big Bang Theory provided for (or made) existence within the universe, the actual formation of solar systems and resulting planets would be more accurately present in the Nebular Hypothesis (sometimes referred to as the Nebular Theory).
The Oscillation Hypothesis (despite the common use, neither version is actually a Theory) is that after the Universe expands so far, gravity pulls it back to a singularity and a new Big Bang starts it all over again, possibly with an entirely different set of constants and physical laws. This view is losing support because recent investigation has revealed that the Universe is not slowing down from the Big Bang, but is in fact, speeding up a little. The latest wrinkle is that Everything will not end in a Big Crunch, but will get so thin that it will just fade away, the so-called "Big Rip."
Ptolemy's theory accounted mathematically for the movement of the planets, Sun and Moonand the stars.However, Ptolemy thought the Earth is the center of the universe, which is wrong. Galileo helped prove that the Sun is the center of our solar system by the use of his homemade telescope. Ptolemy thought that the Sun, planets, and stars rested on crystal spheres that revolved around Earth. Ptolemy had toput in things called "epicycles" and other ideas, to make his system work.
Real scientists do not "gather evidence in support of" any theory. The technical term for that kind of thing is "cherry-picking". Real scientists build a theory to explain the evidence that they have already gathered, and then test the theory to see whether it holds water. The easiest, fastest way to make sure that you are regarded as a wingnut by real scientists is to adopt or invent a theory, and then spend your time trying to prove it.