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There is not just one nuclear arms treaty... there are a number of treaties currently in place between the U.S., Russia, and many other countries dealing with nuclear weapons. Some have to do with banning testing (whether above ground, below ground, or in space), some with banning their construction. Other treaties deal with an attempt to keep existing weapons from getting into the hands of other nations ('non-proliferation') and the most encouraging treaties are concerned with significantly reducing the existing nuclear stockpiles to a much smaller number that is easier to maintain, control and monitor.

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Q: Did the nuclear arms treaty agree on not testing nuclear weapons or not doing nuclear weapons?
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