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Q: Did the president Polk's address to congress encourage the gold rush?
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What western expansion took place during James Polks presidency?

The future states of California, Nevada, Utah, New Mexico and Arizona became a part of the US under the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo which ended the Mexican American War.


What were James Buchanan's Early Careers?

James Buchanan Jr. (April 23, 1791 - June 1, 1868) was the 15th President of the United States; serving from 1857-1861.Before he took the presidency, however, Buchanan held several other jobs. They are as follows:1. He was a volunteer with a light dragoon unit after the British invaded Maryland in the War of 1812. He also helped defend Baltimore.2. He was Member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives from the years of 1814-1816.3. Buchanan was the elected member of the United States' 17th Congress and the following four Congresses, including serving as chairman of the House Committee on the Judiciary in his final term during the 21st Congress (1829 - 31); serving a total of 10 years from 1821-1831.4. He was appointed by then-President Andrew Jackson as United States Foreign Minister to Russia. Serving from January 4, 1832 - August 5,1833.5. He then became Senator to Pennsylvania from December 6, 1834 - March 5, 1845, being reelected in 1837 and 1843. He was also, during this time, chairman of the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations from 1835 - 1841 (the 24th thru 26th Congresses).6. Buchanan resigned from his Senate position in 1845 to fill the office offered to him by then-President James K. Polk for Secretary of State; serving from 1845 - 1849.7. By 1852, Franklin and Marshall College in Buchanan's hometown of Lancaster, Pennsylvania named him as president of the Board of Trustees, maintaining this office until 1866.8. During his time on F&M's board of trustees he also served as Foreign Minister (or Ambassador) to the United Kingdom (then-known as the Court of St. James's) from 1853 - 1856 under President Franklin Pierce.Note: While Senator to Pennsylvania, President Polk nominated James Buchanan to be a Justice in the Supreme Court in order to fill the vacancy after the death of Justice Henry Baldwin. Buchanan refused the position due to other political priorities.


How did the Mexican war cause the Civil War?

With the Mexican War ending in 1848, there is no connection to that war and the US Civil War. It needs to be remembered that in 1803, the Louisiana Purchase, gave to the US New Orleans and a vast new amount of territory. So prior to the Mexican War, there were already new territories to cause conflicts.


How did president Polk fulfill his dream of Manifest Destiny?

Manifest destiny: First used by the journalist John O'Sullivan in 1845 to refer to the belief that it was America's "divine right", or "right given by God" to possess the entire continent.President Polk contributed to America's drive for Manifest Destiny using a few different methods. One method was the Oregon treaty of 1846. Originally, Polk only wanted land up to the 49th parallel but knew Britain would not be so easy in negotiating. So, he set up a plot so he can achieve his goal with little conflict. Polk revealed to Britain that he wanted land up to the latitude line 54o40". Britain was not looking for war nor looking to give up all its land in the west so they decided to make a compromise. While Great Britain thought they were being sly by negotiating, they agreed to divide their land, giving America the 49th parallel via the Oregon treaty, which is what Polk wanted in the first place.Another way Polk pushed toward manifest destiny was with another treaty but not by clever manipulation or negotiation, but by war. As a result of the Mexican war, the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo arose. This was sparked by the dispute of the Texas border, whether it was the Nueces river or the more southern Rio Grande. The war ended with the capture of Mexico City under Winfield Scott in 1847. Finally, the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo was signed resulting in the Mexican cession of California, Arizona, New Mexico, and parts of Nevada, Colorado and Utah in exchange for $15 million.Polk was not content with the amount of land ceded in the last few years. To accommodate the gold rush, transportation was key. Americans were in search for the fastest and easiest route to Southern California. When America discovered a route south of Arizona, it became necessary to acquire such land to build a railroad track. When Polk confronted Mexico about wanting more land, Mexico was still softened by their loss of the Mexican war. They agreed to cede modern southern Arizona to America for only 12 million dollars which completed America, in exception to Hawaii and Alaska, under Polks administration which was called the Gadson Purchase.Polk proved to be intelligent in plotting to acquire the rest of America by his various methods of winning land and fulfilling Manifest Destiny.