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No it did not. The Roman senate was different that the US one. During the Roman Republic it was an unelected an advisory body for the consuls (the two annually elected heads of the Republic) made up of aristocrats and oligarchs. Senators neither proposed bills nor voted on them. In the early Republic the consuls were those who proposed bills, which were put to the vote of the Assembly of the Soldiers. Later it was mainly the plebeian tribunes who proposed bills and these were put to the vote of the Plebeian Council. The senate could, in certain circumstances, issue decrees. Later, during the period of rule by emperors, the senate was emasculated as the emperors were absolute rulers.

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