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In general, a database is a collection of related data. In more specific terms, a database is typically a collection of computer files, usually stored on disk, used to contain and manage this data. The logical structure of a database (as organized in tables, indexes, views, etc.) does not necessarily correspond directly to its physical structure (the data files, transaction log files, etc.).

A database instance is the instantiation of memory structures and processes by a database management system manages the logical and physical structures and the data organized and stored therein. An application program must connect to and interact with the database instance in order to insert, retrieve, modify, and/or delete data stored in the database.

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A database is a structured collection of data, while a database instance refers to a single running copy of a database system. Think of a database as the overall system that stores data, and a database instance as a specific iteration of that system currently running in memory.

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Q: Difference between database and database instance?
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