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transition of a charged particle between energy levels.
There is none. To study particle physics you use the whole machinery of quantum physics, but written down in a different way. That means particle physicists use the formalism of quantum field theory, which is a more powerful way of doing quantum mechanics, it's just more useful in this context.
Quantum mechanics.
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The photon - definitely.
The quantum field theory is a theoretical framework for constructing quantum mechanical models. These models are of subatomic particles in particle physics.
Metaphysics is more of a philosophical theory rather than a mathematical one like quantum physics.
Particle theory of light can explain Photoelectric Effect,Compton effect,Pair production.... wave theory of light can explain interference,refraction...
Quantum theory. A quantum is a discrete amount of something.
Yes, a particle can be diffracted. Some of these are electrons and neutrons .This is a quantum mechanics theory stating that particles can exhibit wavelike properties.
No, string theory is an attempt to bridge the gap between EVERYTHING, not just relativity and quantum, into one fundamental theory.
Examples of field theories include Maxwell's theory of electromagnetism, Einstein's theory of general relativity, and the Standard Model of particle physics, which describes the electromagnetic, weak, and strong nuclear forces as well as the Higgs field. These theories all involve fields that permeate space and interact with particles to govern their behavior.