One of the types of Filipino literature during the pre-Spanish period were chants. Another type of literature during the pre- Spanish period were proverbs. There were also epigrams, sayings, and riddles.
During the pre-Spanish period in the Philippines, literary works were mainly oral in nature, including epics, folktales, and chants, passed down through generations. Some notable examples are the Hinilawod of the Panay Bukidnon, the Biag ni Lam-ang of the Ilocanos, and the Ibong Adarna, a Filipino epic poem. These works often contained moral lessons, cultural values, and historical accounts of the community.
FORMS OF PRE-SPANISH POETRY
E. Epigrams, Riddles, Chants, Maxims, Proverbs or Sayings
Pre-Spanish poetry consists of epigrams, riddles, maxims, proverbs much of which came from Tagalog. Some consist of stanzas of wit and wisdom. Here are examples:
1. Epigrams: (Salawikain): these have been customarily used and served as laws or rules on good behavior by our ancestors. To others, these are like allegories or parables that impart lessons for the young.
Example: Aanhin pa ang damo
Kung patay na ang kabayo.
(What is the use of grass If the horse is already dead?)
Interpretation: Sometimes, what comes is too late to be useful.
2. Riddles: (Bugtong) or Palaisipan: These are made up fli one or more measured lines with rhyme and may consist of four | 12 syllables.
Example: Bungbong kung liwanag Kung gabi ay dagat.
(Bamboo stem during the day At night, a sea.) (Answer: Mat)
Example: May binti, walang hita
May tuktok, walang mukha.
(Has leg, no thigh, Has top, no face) (Answer: Mushroom (kabute)
3. Chant (Bulong): Used in witchcraft or enchantment.
Example: Ikaw ang nagnanakaw ng bigas ko Lumuwa sana ang mga mata mo Mamaga sana ang katawan mo Patayin ka ng mga anito.
(You stole my rice May your eyes bulge;
And your body swell;
Be killed by the anitos (gods).
4. Maxims: Some are rhyming couplets with verses of 5, or 8 syllables, each line having the same number of syllables.
Example: Pag Hindi ukol Hindi bubukol.
(What is not intended for one Will not bear fruit.)
Example: Sa marunong umunawa Sukat ang ilang salita.
(To one who can understand A few words suffice.)
5. Sayings (Kasabihan): often used in teasing or to
comment on a person's actuations.
Example: Putak, putak Batang duwag Matapang ka't NASA pugad.
Putak, putak (a sound made by a cackling hen) Cowardly child
You're brave only because you are in your nest
6. Sawikain (Sayings with no hidden meanings)
Example: Nasa Diyos ang awa Nasa Tao ang gawa.
(In God we trust In man, the effort to work.)
literay piece of the pre- spanish
amou
realism
Love Stories
During pregnancy, the period stops.
Literary works (apex)
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During that period the popes resided in Avignon, France.
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The colonial period