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Describe how gene mutations affect protein production.?
gene mutations can affect protein production through various mutations as nonsense mutations are any genetic mutation that leads to the RNA sequence becoming a stop codon. missense mutations are mutations that changes an amino acid from one to another. Slient mutations are mutations that dont affect the protein at all.
What genetic disorder results in protein abnormalities?
Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder caused by mutations in the CFTR gene, leading to abnormal protein production and function. This results in the production of thick, sticky mucus that can clog the lungs and digestive system.
How can you explain why mutations may or may not affect phenotype?
Mutations can affect phenotype by changing the genetic code, which can alter the way proteins are made and how they function in the body. However, not all mutations have a noticeable impact on phenotype, as some may occur in non-coding regions of DNA or may not change the protein structure significantly.
How do mutations affect translations?
A frameshift mutation may cause a change in the codon sequence, specifically the 3-base sequence which is responsible for coding a specific amino acid. A different protein, a non-functional one, or no protein at all may be the result of this change.
A characteristic of mutations is that they usually?
Mutations are random. They may be beneficial, detrimental, or have no effect at all.
Why are point mutations harmless?
Not all are that harmless. Sickle cell disease is a point mutation. A missense mutation can be harmful, but substituting one purine base for another, or having the same type of amino acid, hydrophobic to hydrophobic for instance, made is not harmful.
Why can some gene mutatuions be harmful while others have no effect?
Let's consider a simple example: protein-coding genes. Mutations, or changes in the DNA sequence of the gene, can alter the amino acid sequence of the protein it codes for, if the new sequence translates into different amino acids. Because the genetic code is degenerate, some amino acids are specified by multiple codons, so some mutations may not alter the amino acid sequence at all. Such mutations, called synonymousmutations, have no affect on the protein. Mutations that alter the amino-acid sequence of the protein, called non-synonymousmutations, may or may not have an affect. Most proteins can tolerate some changes to that sequence and not be significantly affected, but if the sequence change is large enough, or occurs at a critical point so that the structure of the protein is significantly altered, then the protein may become non-functional. If that protein is essential to an organism, such a mutation may be lethal.
Which mutation caused the most drastic change in polypeptide and why?
The mutation that typically causes the most drastic change in a polypeptide is a nonsense mutation, where a single nucleotide change creates a premature stop codon. This results in the truncation of the polypeptide chain, often leading to a nonfunctional protein. In contrast, missense mutations may result in a single amino acid change, and silent mutations do not alter the protein at all. The early termination of translation due to a nonsense mutation can severely impact the protein's structure and function.
Do ALL C Elegans have exactly 302 neurons?
Usually, but mutations could affect the number of neurons.
Are all mutations bad.?
No not all mutations are bad there are good mutations and bad mutations
Why do mutations that occur in the skin or nervous system tend to have little effect on the evolution of a species?
Most mutations that occur have a neutral effect, or none at all, so they would not affect evolution. Organisms with mutations that cause detrimental impact typically will not survive; therefore, they will not reproduce, and the mutation will not be passed on, so the species will not be affected overall. Beneficial mutations are typically the only mutations that will affect an organism's posterity and the evolution of its species, but good mutations are very rare. This is why most mutations have little effect on the evolution of a species.
What types of mutations occur during dan replication and do they cause genotypic and phenotypic changes in offspring?
During DNA replication, mutations can occur as point mutations (like substitutions), insertions, or deletions. These mutations can lead to changes in the genetic code, potentially resulting in genotypic changes that may also manifest as phenotypic changes in offspring. However, not all mutations affect the phenotype; some may be silent or neutral, while others can lead to beneficial or harmful traits. The overall impact on the offspring depends on the nature of the mutation and its effect on protein function.
