Yes, they do.
There is, an Executive, Legislative and Judicial branch.
The power of the executive branch is enforce the laws,the power of the legislative branch is to make laws, and the power of the judicial branch is to interpret the laws
The first branch of the US government is the Legislative Branch. This consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives, which have the power to create statutory laws. The second branch is the Executive Branch. This consists of the President, the Presidential cabinet, and Government Organizations (TSA, FAA, etc...). The third and final branch is the Judicial Branch. This is composed of the United States Courts.
To check the power of the Judicial and the Legislative Branches
The executive branch of government has the power to veto bills proposed by the legislative branch. The executive branch of government has the power to overturn laws and rulings made within the judicial branch of government as well!
Nobody the Executive Branch has equal power like the Legislative Branch and the Judicial Branch.
The executive check over the legislative branch is the power of vetoing laws. The executive check over the judicial branch is the power of judicial appointment -- the president can pick a judge to take the seat of a judge who leaves the supreme court.
Well, those "powers" are branches of the government in America. Each branch has the power to perform checks and balances on the other branches. The judicial branch has the power to declare laws made by the executive branch (the president) and the legislative branch (congress) unconstitutional. But in turn the legislative and executive branches both have their own checks to use against the judicial branch.
The Constitution divides its power into three branches of government -- the executive branch, the legislative branch, and the judicial branch.
The Judicial branch of US Government has the power to interpret existing law. The Legislative branch creates law and the Executive branch enforces existing law.
Both the Judicial and Legislative branch can check the Executive branch. The Judicial branch has the power of judicial review and can declare any act of the Executive branch to be unconstitutional and therefore void. The Legislative branch has a number of checks on the Exectuive branch. The President, the head of the Executive Branch, can appoint federal judges but the Senate must approve.
The legislative branch checks the executive branch by overseeing the implementation of laws and approving presidential appointments. It also checks the judicial branch by confirming judicial appointments and having the power to impeach federal judges.