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If you cut back the flowering stems of lupins after the flowers have faded you will get a secondary flowering. Any other cutting back should be to the ground in Spring when growth restarts.
Can I assume you mean Wisteria? If that is the case summer pruning is the proper way to control it and encourage flowering. Shorten back the shoots that grow from the main stems after flowering.
Yes, but only the flower stems not the leaves.
Cut it back to about an inch from the soil, give a light feed and water it and it will flower again in the Autumn.
Normally after flowering
Perennial lavateras are notoriously short-lived, and pruning them properly can extend their lives. Immediately after flowering cut back all the flowering stems to prevent the plant setting seed. Setting seed tends to weaken the plant and may reduce its lifespan. This also reduces wind-rock in the winter. Water it with a balanced fertiliser. In early spring cut the branches back to a foot from the ground and remove any dead branches, scatter a granular fertiliser around it, rake it in and give it a thorough watering. These fertilisers last a whole season. Scatter some slug pellets around it, as slugs and snails love the new shoots. When you prune the plant take some cuttings of non-flowering stems 3-4 inches long - they root very easily. If you want to have especially large flowers, you can cut back the flowering stems a little in early June, but don't overdo it.
In the fall, you can trim your peonies down to about three inches above the ground, according to the NC State Web site, below. Cut off the flowering stems after they have flowered and give a top dressing af fertilizer and then ignore,
You can cut down the stems on a potatoes but this may slow their overall growth. The stems are a vital part of the plant which provide nutrients and grow considerably as it does.
In Spring after flowering if pruning is necessary.
Yes. They make good flowers and they won't die easily. wait until the leaves start to go flat towards the ground, then you can cut them to about 1 inch above the ground, so it will not look messy
You can ,but why would you? The right time to prune a Forsythia is immediately after flowering.
There are a LOT of different types of salvia. Some are perennial and some are annual. If yours is a perennial you should cut it back for the winter. Recommendations differ for different climates, but usually you can cut it back to 6-8 inches. Leave the stems a little taller in Prairie climates.