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Good question! In Israel, only Orthodox Jews can perform conversions.
Outside of Israel, Orthodox and Conservative Jews have 2 seders, but Reform Jews only have 1. Inside Israel, everyone has one Seder.
There are isolated skirmishes between Religious Zionists and the Israeli Army. These come as a result of the Religious Zionists belief that Jews are promised all of the territory of the Land of Israel by God and therefore Palestinians are not entitled to any of it whereas the Israeli government has made concessions to the Palestinian Authority for peace. However, most of the confrontations are not between Israelis and Jews, but between Israelis (who are themselves mostly Jewish) and Palestinians. This conflict is described in more detail in the Related Question.
Israel is considered the national homeland for the Jewish people and inherited this title from the Mandate for Palestine (which stated in Article 6 that the land was a Jewish National Homeland).
Zionists only want one thing: to be a free people in their own land (Israel). Zionism is the belief that the Jews have a right to a state in the historic homeland of the Jewish people. It is no different than German nationalism (which holds that Germans have a right to a state in the historic homeland of the German peoples) or Turkish nationalism (which holds that Turks have a right to a state in the historic lands of the Turkish people).
Yes, Israel is 75% Jewish. 41% of all of the world's Jews live there. The country with the 2nd-highest percentage of Jews is the United States, and the percentage of Jews there is only 1.4%.
The question is not applicable. Zionism is the belief that the Jews should have political self-sovereignty and is the patriotic sentiment behind the Establishment of the State of Israel. It has no connection to a person's religious belief. You could ask the same question of Americans, i.e. "Do American Patriots believe that there is only one God?" and the question is equally inapplicable since a person can be an American Patriot while believing in many gods, one God, or no gods. The same is true of Zionists. Most Israelis are Agnostic or cultural Jews whose belief in God if extant is not openly discussed. However, the majority of Zionists are Western Christians who support the State of Israel and who do believe in God quite openly and devoutly.
Because, when Germany wanted to kill all the Jews they could get their hands on, (aka "The Final Solution"), most countries shut their doors and would not let the Jews enter their nation, including the USA which only took about 1000 Jews to Fort Oswego NY. Since the world turned their backs on the Jews in their time of need, and 6 million were murdered, many wanted their old homeland in Israel open to them for the first time in 2000 years since the Romans exiled them from their land.
The answer depends on how the question is read:Reading 1: At what time did only Jews and no other people live in Israel?Never. Jewish people have lived in Israel for thousands of years, but there has never been a time when ONLY Jewish people lived within it's borders.Reading 2: At what time did all Jews live exclusively in Israel?The Jewish People lived exclusively in Israel from their early development as a nation (in what is now Israel and the West Bank) up to 586 BCE when the Babylonians conquered the Kingdom of Judah and exiled the Jewish aristocracy to Babylon (and therefore made part of the Jewish community live outside of Israel). Never again did the Jews exclusively live in Israel.
Ethiopian blood only comes from Ethiopians.
While most Jews live in the USA, they only make 2 % of the population. In Israel, 77 % of the population is Jewish.
Unfortunately, in Israel, only Orthodox Jews get all the special privileges.