yes. see link
yes
A change of custody must be filed through the courts. A change in child support should also be filed through the courts.
NO!
Yes. Child support is for the "custodial parent". If you are not living at home with your custodial parent, then they are no longer eligible to receive child support. However, the non-custodial parent can request a modification if the child is no longer living with the custodial parent and that includes a change of custody. A 17 yr old is not emancipated in Texas, unless proper procedures through the courts have taken place. If that is the case, then the custodial parent and child are no longer eligible for child support.
Currently, nothing specific. After all, the parent paying child support is still the child's parent and obligated to support her. Only five states specifically take it into consideration.
If the arrangement is with the consent of the custodial parent and will be permanent then the custody and child support orders must be modified to reflect the change in legal custody. The parent in Texas needs to have their custody formalized by a court order so they can enroll the child in school, consent to medical treatment, etc. If the child support order is not modified the non-custodial parent may be subject to the accumulation of child support arrears.
Technically arrears cannot be waived. However, a custodial parent can fill out a form stating that no child support is due.
Generally no, though there is a presumption of primary residential custody for the obligee parent. In states like California, the amount of time the obligor parent has the child affects the amount of child support ordered.ClarificationChild support orders and custody orders are separate. Generally, the parent who pays child support pays it to the custodial parent.
Yes, as part of a legal separation.
Yes, though in California the child support and visitation are linked. The less time you parent the child, the more you pay.
The stepparent is not responsible for the child. Yes in California
Yes, if it is so ordered in the child support agreement. If the parent loses their insurance and the custodial parent has the ability to insure the child - it will be possible for the state to order the custodial parent to do so. This may change the amount of support the non custodial parent pays - it is entirely up to the whim of the courts.