no
No, not every galaxy contains a black hole. While many galaxies do have a supermassive black hole at their center, there are also galaxies that do not have a black hole.
Yes, according to current scientific understanding, every black hole is believed to contain a singularity at its core.
No, but some stars end their life by becoming a black hole.
Due to the immense gravity of a black hole, no life we can currently fathom could survive in one.
no it does not depend on the black hole in the middle of the galaxy
No. If it were, we wouldn't be here, as the atomic structure necessary for life is not possible in a black hole.
No.
You die
A black hole is not a true vacuum, as it contains matter and energy that we do not fully understand.
None, unless it was to draw some in via gravity.
There is not a black hole at the center of the Canis Major constellation. Canis Major is a constellation in the night sky and does not have a physical center like a galaxy that could potentially contain a black hole.
You can't.