Yes, the farther a planet is from the Sun, the longer it takes to go around the Sun.
Not at all. The planet's daily rotation is independent of its distance from the Sun.
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How does a planet's distance from the sun affect its period of revolution?
Very generally, the outer four planets are less dense than the four inner rocky planets, but it's more to do with planet type rather than their distance from the sun.
the distance from the planets is 6.5 million miles between each planet.
The farther away from the sun the planet is, the more space it has to cover. Therefore, the planets distance from the sun whereas, if i am half the distance from Earth/Sun, that planet will get more energy. But if I am twice the distance from Earth/Sun, I will receive less energy.
There is no direct relationship between the rotation of a planet (which governs day length) and a planets distance from the sun. The nature of the planets spin is more to do with the formation of the system early on, by large impacts of the more numerous bodies that would have been around.
The length of the day would change if either the rotational speed of the the planet or the orbital distance from the sun changed. However, if you mean what factors affect the length of daylight, then that is different.
every planet
True. The length of time that it takes to complete one orbit around the Sun is directly related to the distance of the orbit from the Sun.
How does a planet's distance from the sun affect its period of revolution?
From Kepler's laws it can be shown that the orbital speeds of the planets are proportional to the inverse square root of their distances from the Sun. Thus a planets at four times the distance would travel at half the speed.