Does anyone have a definitive answer to the question whether there is more sunlight at the north pole than at the south pole?

Answer 1

There are seasonal differences in the amount and directness of daylight (e.g., the first day of summer always has the longest period of daylight, and the first day of winter the least amount of daylight). With regard to the Northern Hemisphere, at winter solstice(approximately December 21), Earth's North Pole is pointed away from the Sun, and sunlight falls more directly on the Southern Hemisphere. At the summer solstice (approximately June 21), Earth's North Pole is tilted toward the Sun, and sunlight falls more directly on the Northern Hemisphere At the intervening vernal and autumnal equinoxes, the both the North and South Pole are oriented so that they have the same angular relationship to the Sun and, therefore, receive equal illumination.