The F.B.I. comes under the United States Department of Justice and the FBI has a very large crime laboratory, so the answer would be "yes"
The Department of Justice is the Executive Department primarily responsible for enforcing Federal Law. Many other departments enforce their own regulations.
No, homeland security is more of its own department.
You must contact the California Department of Justice.
There technically no list of people that are on probation. There is a database that resides with the Texas Department of Criminal Justice - Community Justice Assistance Division but it is not accessable by the common citizen. Every Judicial District has its own Community Supervision and Corrections Department (Probation).
That depends upon which department you join. In general you need to a community college for two years and get an Associates degree in Criminal Justice. Many municipalities have either their own police academies or operate programs with local community colleges. Each city and department has its own criteria. It is always a good idea to start off with a degree in criminal justice.
If your local department is large enough to have its own lab - that's where it will be sent. If not it wll be sent to a county lab - state lab - or a contracted facility.
yes
Enough money to buy it. <><><><> In the US, you also need to be old enough, not have been convicted of a crime that is a felony, or a crime of domestic violence, not have been adjudged to be mentally incompetent, not be a drug addict, not be an illegal alien, a fugitive from justice, etc.
The person would be tried and punished where they committed the crime. It is part of our justice system to be tried by a jury of our peers, and our peers live in our own neighborhood. So if the person is caught elsewhere, he is returned to the jurisdiction where he committed the crime to be tried. This is why the process of extradition is in place.
Intraracial crime
By definition, it is not legal to do any crime. That's what "crime" means.
Yes but depending on the specifics of the charge. I do know that if you were convicted of misdemeanor domestic abuse you cannot own a firearm in Missouri. You need to contact a local sheriffs department for the specifics of the crime and they will want to know the reason for owning a gun (hunting).