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The two major features that distinguishes nervous tissue is that selective permeability to ions is controlled by voltage and receptor controlled channels and that the density of ion pumps is much greater than that found on non-excitable membranes. The potential difference between the inside and and outside of a cell (most neurons are negative with respect to outside the cell) is the result of moving ions. So it is a change in the chemical composition inside the cell that results in an electrical change.

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Q: Does the nervous system use chemical and electrical energy?
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There isn't any. You're thinking of the nervous system - but the messages are all chemical. The electrical activity is a side effect.


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