summer solstice and the winter solstice
equinox
The first day of autumn and the first day of spring is also called the autmnal equinox and the vernal equinox
When the North Pole is tilted toward the sun, the northern part of the earth has long days and short nights.The tilting of the Earth on its axis is what gives us the changing seasons. When the North Pole tilts towards the Sun, it is summer in the northern hemisphere and winter in the southern hemisphere.
The earth has 4 seasons and each season the angle to the sun changes. As example, when its winter in North America, North America is tilted upwards and the sun is hitting more of the southern hemisphere. The sun is still out but is cold even with the sun.
No. The Sun is always above the horizon somewhere in the Southern hemisphere just as it always is above the horizon somewhere in the Northern hemisphere. About half of each hemisphere is illuminated at every instant (well more of the Southern hemisphere is illuminated from the end of September to the end of March and more of the Northern hemisphere during the other half year).
Autumnal equinox
equinox
The first day of autumn and the first day of spring is also called the autmnal equinox and the vernal equinox
No. In fact Earth is at its farthest point from the sun in early July and at its closest point in January. Earth's axis of rotation is tilted so relative to its orbit, so each hemisphere is alternately tilted toward and away from the sun. When the northern hemisphere is tilted toward the sun it experiences summer while the southern hemisphere, which is tilted away, experiences winter. When a hemisphere is tilted toward the sun, sunlight strikes the surface there at a steeper angle, so the sunlight is less spread out than it would be hitting at a shallow angle. The more concentrated sunlight results in greater heating.
Both hemispheres are the two halves of Earth. At different times each year, they are tilted towards the sun or tilted away from the sun, because of how the Earth rotates on its axis. For example, in July, in the northern hemisphere, it's summer, but in the southern hemisphere, it's winter. The northwern hemisphere is tilted towards the sun, and it gets more direct sunlight. The Southern Hemisphere is tilted away from the sun, and it gets a lot less direct sunlight.
The Earth leans into the sun, sunlight hits at more direct angle and is more effective at heating to Earth's surface. Sun appears high in sky and rays hit more directly, spreading out less light rays.
At the time of each equinox, the rotational axis of the earth is exactly perpendicular to the path of the sunlight hitting the earth. After the autumnal equinox, the hemisphere in which autumn started is tilted away from the sun.
Basically it doesn't. Earth's orbit, although elliptical, is so close to round (only 1.7 percentage points from being perfectly round) that Earth's distance from the Sun does not vary enough to affect the seasons. Indeed, Earth is closest to the Sun each year on January 4, when it is winter and cold in the Northern Hemisphere. The seasons are caused by Earth's tilt on its axis. Earth's tilt is constant with respect to the stars, and as Earth goes around the Sun each year sometimes the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun and sometimes it is tilted away. The Southern Hemisphere, of course, is tilted the opposite way. When one hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun, it is summer there and winter in the opposite hemisphere. Earth's tilt affects the seasons because a beam of sunlight 1 m (3 ft) in diameter warms a patch of ground 1 m across if the beam shines directly down on Earth's surface. But when the beam hits a part of Earth's surface that is tilted, that same beam has to warm a larger patch of ground. Thus the energy in the beam is diffused, and each square centimeter of Earth's surface receives less energy per second.
Basically it doesn't. Earth's orbit, although elliptical, is so close to round (only 1.7 percentage points from being perfectly round) that Earth's distance from the Sun does not vary enough to affect the seasons. Indeed, Earth is closest to the Sun each year on January 4, when it is winter and cold in the Northern Hemisphere. The seasons are caused by Earth's tilt on its axis. Earth's tilt is constant with respect to the stars, and as Earth goes around the Sun each year sometimes the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun and sometimes it is tilted away. The Southern Hemisphere, of course, is tilted the opposite way. When one hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun, it is summer there and winter in the opposite hemisphere. Earth's tilt affects the seasons because a beam of sunlight 1 m (3 ft) in diameter warms a patch of ground 1 m across if the beam shines directly down on Earth's surface. But when the beam hits a part of Earth's surface that is tilted, that same beam has to warm a larger patch of ground. Thus the energy in the beam is diffused, and each square centimeter of Earth's surface receives less energy per second.
It is summer in the Northern Hemisphere but winter in the Southern Hemisphere.
The Earth's tilt in relation to the Sun, so if you live on the northern hemisphere, from June to September the northern hemisphere is tilted towards the Sun creating Summer. Meanwhile, during the same months the southern hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun creating winter.
There is one sunrise at the South Pole each year, which occurs about September 21. From then until about March 21, there are 24 hours of daylight every day until the sunsets. This is caused by the Earth's tilt of the Southern Hemisphere toward the Sun.