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What must happen for transcription of the lac operon genes to take place?
Lac operon is a set of genes that regulates the digestion of lactose. In absence of lactose in the medium, the repressor protein binds to the operator that inhibit the transcription of structural genes such as beta galactosidase, lactose permease and transacetylase. This makes sure to avoid the enzyme synthesis when there is no need!Conversely, when the lactose present in the medium, an isomer of lactose called allolactose bind to the repressor protein, the conformational change in the repressor let it to detach from repressor hence the RNA polymerase can transcribe the structural gene. Although this may be enough for synthesis of structual gene the system is tightly regulated by a protein called CAP (catabolite activator protein) and glucose.Glucose is a preferred source of energy for cell when this desirable source is present, lactose need not be used as a energy resource. What happens is there will be low level of cAMP when there is high amount of glucose and this keeps CAP inactive.When there is low glucose levels, the cAMP would be higher, that binds to CAP to make it active, which in turn binds to the promoter that enhance the transcription of structural genes.Thus, for efficient transcription lac operon structural genes, lactose must be present where glucose must be absent.
What is the functional difference between enhancers and promoter proximal elements?
Enhancers are at considerable distances from the promoter and can be moved or inverted and still function. Promoter-proximal elements are close to the promoter and their position and orientation must be maintained.
What molecule must bind to to the cross bridge in order for it to disconnect with actin?
The cross-bridge must bind to ATP in order to disconnect from actin. When ATP binds to the cross-bridge, it allows for the power stroke to occur, leading to the dissociation of the cross-bridge from actin.
Where do proteins travel to get modified packaged and secreted?
Many proteins must be chemically folded into an active tertiary structure. The protein must be transported to where it will function. Sometimes the protein must move out of the cell, as in the case of hormones such as insulin. In such case, a small membrane vesicle contains the protein fuses with the cell membrane. The protein is than released outside and the proteins that are destined to become a part of membrane are made on ribosomes that are bound to the endoplasmic reticulum.
In order to make a protein a cell must link together what?
In order to make a protein, a cell must link together amino acids in a specific sequence dictated by the genetic code found in DNA. This process occurs during protein synthesis, where messenger RNA (mRNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes, and transfer RNA (tRNA) brings the matching amino acids to the ribosome for assembly into a protein.
What must happen for transcription of the lac operon genes to take place?
Lac operon is a set of genes that regulates the digestion of lactose. In absence of lactose in the medium, the repressor protein binds to the operator that inhibit the transcription of structural genes such as beta galactosidase, lactose permease and transacetylase. This makes sure to avoid the enzyme synthesis when there is no need!Conversely, when the lactose present in the medium, an isomer of lactose called allolactose bind to the repressor protein, the conformational change in the repressor let it to detach from repressor hence the RNA polymerase can transcribe the structural gene. Although this may be enough for synthesis of structual gene the system is tightly regulated by a protein called CAP (catabolite activator protein) and glucose.Glucose is a preferred source of energy for cell when this desirable source is present, lactose need not be used as a energy resource. What happens is there will be low level of cAMP when there is high amount of glucose and this keeps CAP inactive.When there is low glucose levels, the cAMP would be higher, that binds to CAP to make it active, which in turn binds to the promoter that enhance the transcription of structural genes.Thus, for efficient transcription lac operon structural genes, lactose must be present where glucose must be absent.
What must occur for a message to be sent from the inside to the cell to the outside?
A signaling molecule must bind with a membrane protein.
What must occur for a message to be sent from the outside to the inside of the cell?
A signaling molecule must bind with a membrane protein.
What must occur for a message to be sent from the outside of the cell to inside?
A signaling molecule must bind with a membrane protein.
What must occur for a message to be sent from outside of the cell to inside?
A signaling molecule must bind with a membrane protein.
What must occur for a message to be sent from the outside of the cell inside?
A signaling molecule must bind with a membrane protein.
What must occur for a message to be sent from the outside of the cell to the inside?
dis dick
In order for a lymphocyte to respond to an antigen the antigen must?
the antigen must bind to the receptor
Why you use skim milk to block the membrane in western blotting?
The membrane binds proteins unspecifically (it will bind any).Western blotting uses antibodies to probe the proteins bound to the membrane for the one you are testing for. The antibodies bind specifically to a particular protein that you have chosen and contain a label to allow identification of them on the membrane. In this way you can see whether or not the membrane, and therefore the tissue you are testing, contains a particular protein.Antibodies are proteins. This means the antibody would bind anywhere on the membrane, as well as on the protein you're looking for, rendering the results worthless (it will ALWAYS show positive). To stop the antibodies binding to the membrane, so that they only bind to the protein (if it exists) the membrane must be blocked (completely filled with protein) so that there is nowhere on the membrane for the antibody to bind.Since milk contains a generic mix of a relatively high concentration of known proteins, it is used to block the parts of the membrane that don't already have protein on so that the antibodies won't bind there. As it is very cheap and readily available, it is a good source of protein to use. It is unlikely that a Western blot would be needed for any protein that is contained in milk, but if that is the case an alternative mixture can be used.
How do you use jet pack on counter strike condition zero?
It is probably a mod. If it is superhero mod you must bind a key to +power# Otherwise u must bind something else.
What is the functional difference between enhancers and promoter proximal elements?
Enhancers are at considerable distances from the promoter and can be moved or inverted and still function. Promoter-proximal elements are close to the promoter and their position and orientation must be maintained.
In order for a protein to be an integral membrane protein it would have to be what?
In order to be an integral membrane protein, a protein must have hydrophobic regions that can interact with the hydrophobic lipid bilayer of the cell membrane. These proteins are embedded within the membrane rather than just associated with the membrane surface.
