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Explain how mutations in tumor suppressor genes can contribute to cancer?
Wiki User
∙ 12y ago
Well, tumor suppressor genes are basically proteins that regulate the eradication of cells that develop mutations in the G1 or G2 phase of the cell cycle. For example, lets say a 54 year old patient has the Trp53 tumor suppressor protein mutation. What this means is that this patient has less of an ability to sense cells with mutations in the pancreas because they are deficient or void of the tumor suppressor protein, Trp53. Thus, this patient has an increased risk of pancreatic Adenocarcinoma, the most common form of pancreatic cancer.
Wiki User
∙ 12y ago
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How are mutation and cancer related?
Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence of a cell's genes. These changes can occur for various reasons, including exposure to environmental factors, aging, errors during DNA replication, or inherited genetic mutations. When mutations affect genes that regulate cell growth, division, and repair, they can contribute to the development of cancer. Here's how mutations are related to cancer: Uncontrolled Cell Growth: Mutations in certain genes, known as oncogenes, can lead to the activation of proteins that promote cell growth. When these genes are mutated, they may signal cells to continuously divide and grow, contributing to the formation of tumours. Loss of Growth Regulation: Mutations in tumor suppressor genes can result in the loss of normal regulatory functions. Tumor suppressor genes normally inhibit cell division or promote programmed cell death (apoptosis) when necessary. Mutations in these genes can lead to uncontrolled cell growth. DNA Repair Deficiencies: DNA repair genes are responsible for fixing errors or damage in the DNA sequence. Mutations in these genes can result in an accumulation of genetic mistakes, increasing the likelihood of additional mutations and promoting cancer development. Genomic Instability: Mutations can contribute to genomic instability, where the DNA within cells becomes more prone to further mutations. This can create a cascade effect, leading to the accumulation of genetic changes that drive cancer progression. Inherited Mutations: Some individuals inherit specific mutations that predispose them to a higher risk of developing certain types of cancer. While these inherited mutations may not directly cause cancer, they increase susceptibility to the disease. Understanding the genetic basis of cancer has led to advancements in targeted therapies and precision medicine. Identifying specific mutations in cancer cells allows for the development of treatments that target the underlying genetic abnormalities, offering more effective and tailored approaches to cancer therapy. Research in genomics continues to play a crucial role in unraveling the complex relationship between mutations and cancer.
Cancer can be caused by changes in this?
Cancer can be caused by changes in the DNA of cells. The development of cancer is often associated with genetic mutations or alterations in the DNA sequence of certain genes. These changes can disrupt the normal regulatory mechanisms that control cell growth, division, and death. The key factors related to cancer development include: Genetic Mutations: Mutations in specific genes can lead to uncontrolled cell growth and the formation of tumors. Mutations can be inherited (germline mutations) or acquired during a person's lifetime (somatic mutations). Oncogenes: Oncogenes are normal genes that, when mutated or activated, can promote the development of cancer. These genes are involved in regulating cell growth and division. Tumor Suppressor Genes: Tumor suppressor genes normally prevent the uncontrolled growth of cells. Mutations that inactivate these genes can contribute to cancer by allowing cells to evade normal growth controls. DNA Repair Genes: DNA repair genes are responsible for fixing errors or damage in the DNA sequence. Mutations in these genes can lead to the accumulation of genetic abnormalities and an increased risk of cancer. Epigenetic Changes: Epigenetic modifications, such as alterations in DNA methylation or histone modifications, can influence gene expression without changing the underlying DNA sequence. Abnormal epigenetic changes can contribute to cancer development. Environmental Factors: Exposure to certain environmental factors, such as tobacco smoke, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, certain chemicals, and infectious agents, can cause DNA damage and increase the risk of cancer. Lifestyle Factors: Unhealthy lifestyle choices, including poor diet, lack of physical activity, and excessive alcohol consumption, can contribute to DNA damage and increase susceptibility to cancer. Heredity: Inherited genetic mutations passed down from one generation to the next can increase the risk of certain cancers. However, most cancers are not directly inherited but result from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Understanding the genetic and molecular changes associated with cancer is crucial for developing targeted therapies and personalized treatment approaches. Early detection and intervention are also essential for improving outcomes in cancer patients.
What stage in cell division do cancer cells remain the longest in?
The inter-stage in cell division is the longest phase in cancer cell replication. Damaged DNA and frequent mutations contribute to cancer cells forming.
What cancers can be caused by mitosis?
Mitosis itself does not cause cancer. However, errors in the regulation of mitosis can lead to mutations in cells, which may contribute to the development of various types of cancer such as breast, lung, or colon cancer.
Why dont all mutations cause cancer?
Mutations in the DNA can cause cancer, but it's not the only cause of cancer. Did you know you can get cancer if you are exposed to coals and tars too long?
How does chemestry affect cancer?
Chemicals that do not cause cancer by themselves but can act with another chemical to cause cancer (cocarcinogens). Damage to DNA in cells can lead to cancer. ... Unrepaired DNA damage can lead to mutations, or changes, in genes, and mutations in certain genes can cause cancer. You can also inherit mutations.
Where can one find information about Tumor Suppressor Genese?
You can find information about Tumor Suppressor Genes in Bio Portfolio, Chips Books, Cancer Res, Academic Research Microsoft, Nature,Freezing Blue, Cancer 2000.
How mutations and cancer related?
A mutation of a cell is the reason Cancer is started.
Does cancer result from genetic mutations-?
Mutating Cells can be a source of Cancer, but not necessarily. All mutating cells do not cause Cancer.
Can there be mutations after birth?
yes, e.g. cancer
What are cancer mutations?
Some mutations cause cells to lose control over cell division
What kills cancer cells by reversing the mutations that caused them to be cancer cells?
chemotheraphy
