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A group is a vertical column on the periodic table. In the past, they were labeled 1A, 2A all the way up to 8A for the noble gases with the transition elements being labeled using 1B, 2B, etc. in the United States. Recently, the IUPAC has numbered the groups as 1-18. For the representative elements, the ones column of the group number delineates the number of valence electrons in the atoms of each element.
There are rows labeled in the periodic table. Look at the first digit of the row number Ex: 1 or 18, the numbers determine the valence electrons (1-8)
In a ground-state tellurium atom, there are no electrons in orbitals labeled by l equals 1. l equals 1 corresponds to p orbitals, and tellurium's electron configuration fills up to the 5p orbital. So, there are 0 electrons in orbitals with l equals 1 in a ground-state tellurium atom.
Scientists have designated electrons as having a negative charge and protons as having a positive charge. One positive proton can hold one negative electron in orbit. Thus, an atom with one proton in its nucleus normally will have one electron in orbit (and be labeled a hydrogen atom); an atom with ninety-four protons in its nucleus will normally have ninety-four electrons orbiting it (and be labeled a plutonium atom).
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Calcium. You can check other orbitals for other elements using ptable.com and clicking on the tab at the top labeled "orbitals". It gives you electron configurations for all elements.
The Cobalt Group. After heated discussion with a Physic professor, I finally got him to recognize Group 9 elements have a total of 9 valence electrons and therefore have no business being labeled as VIIIB elements.
gold
The answer will depend on what elements of the circle are labelled.
A group is a vertical column on the periodic table. In the past, they were labeled 1A, 2A all the way up to 8A for the noble gases with the transition elements being labeled using 1B, 2B, etc. in the United States. Recently, the IUPAC has numbered the groups as 1-18. For the representative elements, the ones column of the group number delineates the number of valence electrons in the atoms of each element.
There are rows labeled in the periodic table. Look at the first digit of the row number Ex: 1 or 18, the numbers determine the valence electrons (1-8)
In a ground-state tellurium atom, there are no electrons in orbitals labeled by l equals 1. l equals 1 corresponds to p orbitals, and tellurium's electron configuration fills up to the 5p orbital. So, there are 0 electrons in orbitals with l equals 1 in a ground-state tellurium atom.
Potassium, or K, has an atomic number of 19. Therefore, its electrically neutral form would have 19 protons and 19 electrons. An ion of potassium, labeled K+, has had one of its electrons removed; therefore it only has 18 electrons.
They were once labeled group 0 in the periodic table because it was believed they had a valence of zero, meaning their atoms cannot combine with those of other elements to form compounds.
If you look on any table of elements you will notice there are numbers on the top. They will either be listed as numbers 1- 18 or 1A-8A and 1B-8B, these are the groups. If it is labeled 1-18 then you look at the last number and that is the valence electron, except for numbers 9 and 10 which would also be 8. This is because you can not have more then 8 electrons in the last ring. If it is labeled 1A- 8A and 1B- 8B then just look at that number(ignoring the letter obviously) and that is the number of valence electrons.Ex.If you look at say C(Carbon) which is in the 14th group or 4B and it has 4 valence electrons.It would probably help you if you looked at a table of elements while reading this to get a visual aid.
No. They would have been more expensive and would have been labeled as "plastic" or "waterproof"
they become more reactive since you are moving from left to right on the Periodic Table, the elements in group 17 are the most reactive.