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Somatic cells (of the body) are diploid (having 46 chromosomes). Only gametes (eggs and sperm) are haploid (having 23 chromosomes). So that during fertilization the egg and sperm combine their chromosomes resulting in a new life with 46 unique chromosomes (in humans, of course. Others species has differing numbers of chromosomes). The haploid combination ensures genetic diversity.
Gametes are said to have homologous chromosomes, if they have same genes arranged in same order. During gamete formation meiosis precedes, therefore, individual gamete does not have its homologous counterpart. After fertilization, in diploid nucleus, homologous chromosomes are restored.
The steps in the diploid life cycle are meiosis, to gametes, to fertilization, to diploid, to reproductive cell. The main steps are Meiosis and Fertilization.
Meosis is the process that brings about the generation of gametes. In meosis, there are two reductional divisions that result in the daughter cells having haploid number of chromosomes.
diploid
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Gametes have half the number of chromosomes - therefore if the diploid number is 22, the gametes would have 11 chromosomes.
In the S phase before mitosis, the chromosomes duplicate into sister chromatids before spearating during mitosis. The number of chromosomes remainds diploid because they double before they are halved.
Somatic cells (of the body) are diploid (having 46 chromosomes). Only gametes (eggs and sperm) are haploid (having 23 chromosomes). So that during fertilization the egg and sperm combine their chromosomes resulting in a new life with 46 unique chromosomes (in humans, of course. Others species has differing numbers of chromosomes). The haploid combination ensures genetic diversity.
Gametes are said to have homologous chromosomes, if they have same genes arranged in same order. During gamete formation meiosis precedes, therefore, individual gamete does not have its homologous counterpart. After fertilization, in diploid nucleus, homologous chromosomes are restored.
The steps in the diploid life cycle are meiosis, to gametes, to fertilization, to diploid, to reproductive cell. The main steps are Meiosis and Fertilization.
Diploid state of organisms is originated during process of fertilization of sexual reproduction. During fertilization, two haploid cells or gametes of different types are fused together to produce a diploid egg (zygote).
When a zygote is diploid it obtains two sets of chromosomes. Gametes contain one set of chromosomes. Therefore, 6 chromosomes would amount to 3 sets of gametes.
When a zygote is diploid it obtains two sets of chromosomes. Gametes contain one set of chromosomes. Therefore, 6 chromosomes would amount to 3 sets of gametes.
It must join with the other gamete to form a diploid number of chromosomes. If it had a diploid number to begin with, the result would be twice the normal amount of chromosomes. A normal cell had "2n" number of chromosomes, and each gametes have "n". If they had "2n" to begin with, the resulting zygote would have "4n", which is clearly not normal in human genome.
Meosis is the process that brings about the generation of gametes. In meosis, there are two reductional divisions that result in the daughter cells having haploid number of chromosomes.