one-half
One-half. Good luck with Plato :)
Gametes contain half of the number of chromosomes as somatic cells (the other cells of your body). These chromosomes have the same number of alleles on them as somatic cells, but gametes contain one allele of each gene while somatic cells contain two alleles of each gene. So, they contain half the amount of alleles that the rest of your cells do.
Gametes should contain one allele for each gene locus. This means that gametes will have one allele for each of the genes on the chromosomes they are carrying. It is estimated that humans have about 20,000-30,000 genes - meaning each gamete would therefore have 20,000-30,000 alleles.
Gametes have half the number of chromosomes - therefore if the diploid number is 22, the gametes would have 11 chromosomes.
A diploid organism that is heterozygous for 4 loci can produce 16 different types of gametes. This is calculated using the formula (2^n), where (n) is the number of heterozygous loci. In this case, since (n = 4), it results in (2^4 = 16) possible combinations of alleles in the gametes.
Gametes have one allele per trait, as they are haploid cells with half the normal number of chromosomes. Organisms are typically diploid and have two alleles per trait, one from each parent. Each gamete carries only one allele which then combines during fertilization to restore the diploid number of chromosomes in the offspring.
Gametes are important because they are necessary for sexual reproduction. Gametes are the sex cells (sperm and ova/eggs) which contain half the number of chromosomes of a somatic (non-sex) cell. This is very important because it ensures that when the two gametes join, the resulting organism has the correct number of chromosomes.
Gametes come in two forms, sperm (the 'male' gamete) and eggs (the 'female' gamete). Each of these gametes only contain half the number of chromosomes that the main organism's cells have, because these cells combine both male and female to create new organisms.
Since the gametes contain one half the number, the zygote will have to have the full number of 40.
be produced by meiosis
When a zygote is diploid it obtains two sets of chromosomes. Gametes contain one set of chromosomes. Therefore, 6 chromosomes would amount to 3 sets of gametes.
When a zygote is diploid it obtains two sets of chromosomes. Gametes contain one set of chromosomes. Therefore, 6 chromosomes would amount to 3 sets of gametes.