Subnet masks that use either all ones or all zeroes in an octet are called classful subnet masks. 255.255.255.0 (11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000), 255.255.0.0 (11111111.11111111.00000000.00000000), 255.0.0.0 (11111111.00000000.00000000.00000000)
Subnet masks that use either all ones or all zeroes in an octet are call CLASSFUL SUBJET MASKS. Example. 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 which can be written as 255.255.255.0. A CLASSLESS SUBNET MASKS can have a mix of zeroes and ones in one octet such as 11111111.11111111.11110000.00000000 which can be written as 255.255.240.0.
A classful subnet mask (otherwise known as a default subnet mask) shows the network id on an octet boundary (every 8 bits). Examples include:
255.0.0.0 Class A
255.255.0.0 Class B
255.255.255.0 Class C
Classless subnet masks will use other values that do not span every 8 bits. So, examples might include:
255.252.0.0
255.255.192.0
255.255.255.192
Classful subnet mask consists of octets of all 1 OR all 0 EX. 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111111 Classless subnet mask consists of octets od 1 AND 0 EX. 11111111.11111111.11110000.00000000
A classless subnet mask can have a mix of zeroes and ones in one octet
11111111.11111111.11110000.00000000. This can be interpreted as 255.255.240.0
23.56.7.91/12
This is a Class B address. So if classful addressing scheme we can say that the default mask of any Class B address is 255.255.0.0. But it may not be always this. There is a concept called VLSM (variable length subnet mask) with which we have the option to give different subnet masks.
255.255.255.224 would give 32 per subnet or for ex. 192.168.1.1/27 leaving 5 bits or 2-5th power =32
that gives you 16 subnets with 14 usable IPs for hosts that is because one is for subnet and one for broadcas in that subnet for example: 192.168.1.0/28 - subnet number 192.168.1.15 -broadcast number usable IPs for hosts - IPs between them that is 14
Please rephrase the question or give more detail.
In most modern operating systems, the second system to come online with the same IP address on the same subnet as another system would just disable their network interface and give an error until the situation is resolved by the administrator.
A general industry rule of thumb is to use the first IP address in a range for the default gateway address. That would be .1 for most classful, non-subnetted networks.
Ok good question To subnet any network requires borrowing host addresses The 255.255.192.0 regardless of class says host addresses start at CIDR (Classless Inter Domain Routing Protocol) /18. So if we borrow every available host address space then we have 2^14 = 16,384 possible subnet addresses available, NOT. In reality we have 11111111.11111111.11000000.00000000 or a /18 network. Every network / subnet requires two special reserved addresses. The network or zero address, and the last address in the range which will be assigned as the broadcast address. So we can't borrow all of the bits for sub netting. If we only leave one we will only have two addresses for the hosts, this won't work because we need to reserve two. We have to leave two so we will have 2^2 = 4. We can then give each subnet a network address and a broadcast address and still have 2 usable hosts' addresses. If we do this we only have 2^12 subnets = 4096. Each subnet will only have two usable host addresses and two reserved addresses. See the math confirms that 4096 * 4 = 16384 which is the total number of addresses in the address space we started with.
When you're an absolutely classless joke of an athlete and you're losing by 30 points, you give an eyeball sandwich so people will notice that you're still alive.
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